Changing the heat and moisture exchanger after 48 hrs rather than 24 hrs did not affect its technical performance in terms of heat and water preservation of ventilatory gases. There is also some indirect evidence of very few, if any, changes in heat and moisture exchanger resistance. However, other large clinical trials should be undertaken to confirm the safety of extending the time between heat and moisture exchanger change. The heated humidifier, supplied with electric energy maintained high levels of humidification and temperature over the 48-hr study period.

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