Bebidas fermentadas a base de kefir estão sendo introduzidas no Brasil nos últimos anos, principalmente devido às suas características probióticas. O extrato do malte é bastante utilizado na fermentação alcoólica para a produção de cervejas, no entanto poucos estudos referem-se a produção de bebidas não-alcoólicas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e analisar uma bebida probiótica à base de extrato de malte. O Kefir foi ativado em água e acompanhou-se a cinética de fermentação considerando 3 concentrações de kefir (3%, 5%, e 7% em relação ao volume do extrato de malte). No processo foram analisados o pH, a acidez total titulável e o crescimento da massa de grãos de kefir. Os resultados de pH e acidez total titulável foram inversamente proporcionais, um diminuiu e outro aumentou no decorrer da fermentação, já a quantidade de grãos aumentou em aproximadamente 3g, isso para todos os tratamentos. Os resultados encontrados foram satisfatórios.
Fungal diseases, especially those that affect the root systems of plants, caused by Rhizoctonia and Macrophomina are limiting factors for achieving high crop yields. Alternatives to controlling fungi with chemical products drive the search for new options for bioactive compounds from plants. Attalea geraensis, a palm tree from the Brazilian Cerrado, is rich in flavonoids with antifungal actions. The objective of this work is to identify the chemical classes present in the ethanolic extract of green leaves of A. geraensis and determine the antifungal potential of the extract against isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. and Rhizoctonia solani JG Kühn. Phytochemical prospection, flavonoid dereplication, and antifungal activity were carried out of the ethanolic extract of the green leaves of A. geraensis harvested in the Cerrado area of Brazil. Steroids, triterpenes, saponins, and anthraquinones are described here for the first time for the leaves of A. geraensis. The flavonoids quercetin, isorhamnetin, 3,7-dimethylquercetin, quercetin 3-galactoside, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-4H-chromen-4-one, rhamnazin 3-galactoside, keioside, and rhamnazin 3-rutinoside were identified. Of these, only quercetin and isorhamnetin had already been identified in the leaves of A. geraensis. The results show a fungistatic potential for the species. The diversity of flavonoids present in the leaves of A. geraensis may be the result of a synergistic action between fungus and plant or there could be an antagonistic effect between flavonoids and the other identified chemical classes.
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