With a direct in vitro tumor-colony assay developed to measure sensitity of human-tumor stem cells to anticancer drugs, we performed 32 retrospective or prospective clinical studies in nine patients with myeloma and nine with ovarian cancer treated with standard agents that were tested in vitro. The results were clearly correlated (P is less than 0.00001). Unique patterns of sensitivity and resistance to the six drugs tested were observed for individual patients. In eight cases of myeloma and three of obarian carcinoma in vitro sensitivity corresponded with in vivo sensitivity whereas in one case of myeloma it did not. In vitro resistance correlated with clinical resistance in all five comparisons in myeloma and all 15 in ovarian cancer. We conclude that this assay shows sufficient promise to warrant larger-scale testing to determine its efficacy for selection of new agents and individualized cancer chemotherapy regimens.

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A factor or factors concentrated on leukocytes of cancer patients depress the proliferative response of lymphocytes to stimulation with autologous tumor. Inhibitory activity with material eluted from cells resides in neither high nor lower molecular weight fractions but in a combination of the two. The finding suggests that in vitro inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation to autochthonous tumor occurs because of antigen-antibody complexes.