Eco-driving as a concept and program is a well-developed strategy adopted to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The paper presents the findings confirming the significance of driver education about eco-driving (through theoretical and practical training initiatives) with the aim of reducing the negative environmental impact of road transport. During the study, the drivers were tested prior to and immediately after completing the theoretical and practical education on eco-training. According to the study findings, driver education resulted in approximately 11.71% reduction in fuel consumption and average CO 2 emissions. These results, along with the findings of many other studies conducted around the world, show that driver education can result in very efficient and significant reduction in fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions. Therefore, it is necessary for the drivers to undergo periodical eco-driving training with specialized coaches and well-designed programs.

Assessment of pollutant emissions is a prerequisite for planning and development of sustainable urban transport systems. Majority of extant studies on sustainable urban transport is focused on pollution caused by urban passenger transport, with marked paucity of literature on the impact of urban freight transport.To partly bridge this gap, the paper objective is the impact assessment of selected regulative measures, i. e. fleet renewal on freight transport emissions. We used the case of Novi Sad to estimate the potential impact of selected restrictive measures on the external freight transport air pollution. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first studies on impact of urban freight transport on the air pollution in the cities in the Balkan region. Several research findings are of interest. Firstly, the analysis of particular gas emissions reveals expected overall positive effects of the fleet renewal in most of cases. Still, the total amount of same emissions hardly increase, so this particular measure is not enough to reach the ambitious EU strategy goals concerned with sustainable urban freight transport. Further, some negative impacts of restrictive measures on gas emissions were also recorded and discussed. The observed complex impact of restrictive measures on urban freight air pollution indicates that urban freight transport planning and modeling requires a comprehensive database, clear goals and higher priority of environmental criterion in traffic planning. Our results and recommendations may be useful for scholars, urban transport planners, policy makers, and practitioners.

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