Purpose To evaluate safety and long-term recurrence rate of entropion in patients having everting sutures (ES) for involutional entropion by ophthalmic nurses in a real clinical setting. Patients and methods Retrospective notes review of all patients who had an outpatient ES by our trained ophthalmic nurses over 2 year's time period. Outcome measures were complication and recurrence rates. Those with less than 3 years' recorded follow-up were contacted by paper questionnaire. Results 90 lids of 82 patients analysed. Mean age was 78 (range 54-97). In total, 82% had no entropion surgery before, whereas 13% had previous ES and 5% one or more other procedures. Questionnaires were sent to 38, with return rate of 81%. Recurrence rate was 21.1% after 36-60 months follow up from nurse-performed ES, with mean time to recurrence of 15 months (SD 13 months). A total of 32% of patients died during the follow-up period. Mean time between the procedure and death is 20.5 months. When ES were repeated twice (11 patients), recurrence rate was still 20%. No patients had any complications. Conclusion ES can be safely performed by ophthalmic nurses, with success rate comparable to the same technique performed by ophthalmologists.

Background: In developing countries most women deliver at home for some reasons and such deliveries are not attended by a skilled birth attendant. In Nigeria 63% of births occurred at home. Objective: To determine the reasons and experiences of home and hospital deliveries among women in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study. The study employed a mixed method study. A total of 614 women were selected by multistage sampling technique and enrolled for the study. Focus group discussions with a group of women and husbands as well as key informant interviews with health care workers were conducted in the communities. Quantitative data was analysed using Minitab V17 software. Thematic content analysis was performed for the qualitative data. Data was gathered and analysed using triangulation methods. Results: The questionnaires response rate was of 96.7%. The mean age of respondents was 32.6 ± 6.5 years for home delivery group, and 28.1 ± 5.6 years for the hospital delivery group. Reasons for home deliveries were custom (24.5%), unfriendly attitude of health workers (17.5%), financial barriers (15.5%), and safety was the main reason for hospital delivery (56.7%). Determinants of choice of place of delivery were lower age at first pregnancy AOR=4.06 95%CI (1.633-10.076) and higher education AOR=2.70 95%CI (1.927-3.792) respectively. Conclusion: Mothers have different reasons and experiences with regard to choice of delivery location. Hospital deliveries should be encouraged