We concluded that low-grade sucralfate scan finding has the potential to successfully eliminate the need for invasive endoscopy under general anaesthesia and thereby reducing procedure-related morbidity, hospitalization and associated costs. However, mandatory endoscopy is required in children with high-grade adhesion seen on 99mTc sucralfate scan. This requires confirmation using a larger prospective study.

The global burden of tuberculosis (TB) is a health care challenge in both the developing and developed world. Children represent a high-risk group for acquiring the disease, but despite this, abdominal TB (ATB) remains uncommon. ATB includes infection of the gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, mesentery, lymph nodes, and solid organs. Mycobacterium tuberculosis accounts for most cases but Mycobacterium bovis has also been implicated. The clinical manifestations of ATB are nonspecific leading to diagnostic delay that results in significant morbidity and mortality. Imaging plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of TB, guides biopsy, evaluates response to treatment, and identifies complications. In this article, we review the imaging findings of ATB with particular reference to modalities that avoid the use of radiation in pediatric patients. The role of interventional radiology and surgery in the diagnosis and management of ATB is also described.

A B S T R A C TWe report on a case of a pediatric recipient with a well-managed HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN) on highly active anti-retroviral therapy who underwent a successful deceased donor kidney transplantation, and was unexpectedly found to have a donated staghorn stone. Safe and effective management of the donated stone with combined Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and ExtraCorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy to salvage the solitary allograft is discussed. To our knowledge this case is the first reported pediatric kidney transplant for HIVAN with a donated staghorn kidney stone in the English literature.