Existing literature in modern macroeconomics is saturated with various studies on both the short and long run link between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in Nigeria, and other emerging market economies. However, there are areas of knowledge gap on the part of the effects of industrial linkage on FDI inflows to the Nigerian economy. As a result of this knowledge gap and growing concern for commitments to investment promotion and sustainable industrial development in the country, it is imperative at this time to assess the effects of FDI on Nigeria's real sector growth. Consequently, this study set out to empirically examine the effect of FDI inflows into Nigeria on real gross domestic product (RGDP) growth and how these external inflows can bring about achieving Goal-17.3 of mobilising additional financial resources for developing countries from multiple sources. The model constructed was estimated using the robust GMM estimation technique which took care of the problem of endogeneity and autocorrelation inherent in ordinary least square. The study found that labour quality has a positive and significant effect on RGDP in line with theory. Equally, it was noted that capital intensity displayed a significant negative effect on RGDP in Nigeria. This study therefore recommends that policy makers in Nigeria should incorporate into her broad policy, improvement in capital intensity as a bedrock to growing the economy through FDI spillover effects. ABOUT THE AUTHORBabatunde A. Giwa, the lead author, is a PhD candidate and researcher in the Department of Economics and Development Studies, Covenant University, Ota; and has publications in reputable local and international Journals. This article is an extraction from his PhD work under the supervision of the two following co-authors. In the study, the area of focus is on commitments to investment promotion and sustainable industrial development, and enhancing the global partnership for sustainable development as indicated by Goal-17.3 of the SDGs. Consequently, this study is set out to empirically examine the effect of FDI inflows into Nigeria on RGDP growth.

The potential of redox flow batteries to provide power balancing services within a microgrid was studied. Modelling of a benchmark microgrid was performed, to determine the technical and commercial suitability of redox flow batteries to be used for balancing energy generation and demand throughout a single day. It was found that the battery would fit in a service room of a residential block and would be suitable for balancing the whole microgrid. Based on the calculated usage patterns and the technology's characteristics, it was determined that redox flow batteries are suitable for energy storage in urban microgrids.

This paper describes the development of a simple experimental rig for a three-terminal HVDC transmission system that was designed with voltage source converters (VSC) for onshore wind farms. Two wind power plants (WPPs) were interconnected and directly connected to the inland grid through a 12V 1.44W DC link. A Master-Slave control arrangement was considered and partially implemented to maintain voltage of the DC link and inland grid. A double inputs-single output configuration was considered due to its small scale design. The design of the rig was also modelled for real life situations using MATLAB/Simulink. The results obtained showed that DC link voltage steady state was reached with a slight delay and with minimum overshoot, under purely resistive load, while, on the other hand, an appreciable overshoot would be experienced under inductive loads, though steady state was quickly reached.

This paper presents a limit-based approach in improving transient performance of tank-circuited 3-Pole PV Based DC Microgrid (3-PPDM) during zero to non-zero insolation transition of the solar irradiance profile. This approach is necessitated due to the transient behavior of the microgrid during the above-mentioned transition that results into huge voltage sag which appears to violate the conditions set for desirable operation of the dc loads. The tank-circuited 3-PPDM is conceived to mimic, under set conditions, operational feature of grid-connected three-phase ac microgrid where transformer is not required at distribution level for the provision of different voltage levels (phase and line) operation within the ac microgrid. 3-PPDM is developed with PV Based DC Microgrid connected to ac grid via single stage dc link and 3-Level Voltage Source Converter (3L-VSC). The dc loads are directly connected to the dc link and operated at high and low voltage levels without the employment of dc-dc converters. These voltage levels are established via the support of the three poles created by two serially connected centre-tapped capacitors meant primarily for improving the harmonic performance of the 3L-VSC. The observed huge voltage sag is technically linked to abrupt change in the high dc link reference voltage of the dc link PI controller during zero irradiance to low voltage of the PV power optimizer at the transition point. Subsequently, a limit-based perturb and observe maximum power point tracking (P&O MPPT) technique was employed as corrective measure. The concept of the technique is to determine the transition point and assign suitable predetermined value that is within the technical constraint of the microgrid as the reference voltage of the dc link. The simulation results of this approach prove the efficacy of the techniques as the set conditions are successfully met within considerable time, leading to an improvement in the transient performance of the microgrid.

This paper presents a limit-based approach in improving transient performance of tank-circuited 3-Pole PV Based DC Microgrid (3-PPDM) during zero to non-zero insolation transition of the solar irradiance profile. This approach is necessitated due to the transient behavior of the microgrid during the above-mentioned transition that results into huge voltage sag which appears to violate the conditions set for desirable operation of the dc loads. The tank-circuited 3-PPDM is conceived to mimic, under set conditions, operational feature of grid-connected three-phase ac microgrid where transformer is not required at distribution level for the provision of different voltage levels (phase and line) operation within the ac microgrid. 3-PPDM is developed with PV Based DC Microgrid connected to ac grid via single stage dc link and 3-Level Voltage Source Converter (3L-VSC). The dc loads are directly connected to the dc link and operated at high and low voltage levels without the employment of dc-dc converters. These voltage levels are established via the support of the three poles created by two serially connected centre-tapped capacitors meant primarily for improving the harmonic performance of the 3L-VSC. The observed huge voltage sag is technically linked to abrupt change in the high dc link reference voltage of the dc link PI controller during zero irradiance to low voltage of the PV power optimizer at the transition point. Subsequently, a limit-based perturb and observe maximum power point tracking (P&O MPPT) technique was employed as corrective measure. The concept of the technique is to determine the transition point and assign suitable predetermined value that is within the technical constraint of the microgrid as the reference voltage of the dc link. The simulation results of this approach prove the efficacy of the techniques as the set conditions are successfully met within considerable time, leading to an improvement in the transient performance of the microgrid.