The immune system protects us by producing antibodies against viruses and diseases. Currently,  there is no cure in treating patients infected with COVID-19.  Even though many nations declared extrapolate findings on the COVID-19 vaccine trial, this will require months to develop an effective vaccine successfully. Meanwhile, an immune-enhancing preventive approach can be considered in order to strengthen the immune system that would enhance the host's resistance to infection. Although the leading health authorities of national and international health institutions, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), and the World Health Organization (WHO) consistently providing standard guidelines focusing on treatment, prevention, and promotion perspectives, this article discussed the promising alternative prophylactic solutions in enhancing host immunity with a highly valuable supplements Zinc, Vitamin D to protect human beings from COVID-19 pandemic disease.

Objective: The aim of this study to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and determine awareness among rural population. Methods: Cross-sectional community based study, conducted in rural community. Population was the resident citizens in age of 25-64 years. A cluster sampling technique was used and total sample size mounted to 341 subjects. The collected data was cleaned, edited and analyzed using SPSS program. Results: Prevalence of hypertension was 21.1%, systolic was 5.9% and diastolic hypertension was 10.0% with no significant differences among gender (p-value .409). About 59.7% of hypertensive subjects were unaware with their diagnosis, men were more awareness than women with proportion of 62.0% in men and 38.0% in women. Awareness with hypertension diagnosed was increased by increasing age, income and education. Most of known hypertensive subjects (86.20%) were on treatment. Approximately 80% of known hypertensive subjects were complained of signs and symptoms and 31.0% with complications. Also controlled blood pressure was 34.0% with proportion of 36.4% among women and 33.3% among men. Conclusions: The study reflected high prevalence of hypertension, systolic and diastolic among rural population, also the level of awareness among hypertensive subjects generally was low; however the level of awareness among elder, educated was better and females were more control hypertension.

Objective: Acute myocardial infarction is a life threatening condition that influences the physical, psychological and social dimensions of the individual. The aim of this study was conducted to determine nurses’ knowledge of initial treatment during an emergency management of patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methods: A descriptive study was used. The standardized administered questionnaires were administered on 139 critical care nurses who are employed in five teaching hospitals at Khartoum state/Sudan. Data processed using the statistical package software (SPSS); version 19, Chi-Square test was used, p-value of < .05 considered statistically significant for the analysis.Results: The study results revealed that the total mean knowledge scores of the studied subjects related to the initial treatment of acute myocardium infarction was found to be low than  bench mark with t & p values (t = 6.87 at p = .000). Also, most of studied subjects had poor level of knowledge regarding thrombolytic agents specifically about characteristics of streptokinase, indications, contraindications and complications; even among trained nurses (p values = .000).Conclusions: The studied subjects had poor levels of knowledge related to the drugs used for initial management of acute myocardial infarction specifically those related to understanding the thrombolytic agents.

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Stroke is a severe health condition that causes morbidity and death all over the world, and nurses have a significant role in the care of patients admitted with stroke. The study aimed to explore knowledge and perception of stroke among nursing students to provide high quality of care. A descriptive, quantitative study was conducted among 192 participants between May 2018 and January 2019. The study included female students, aged 18 and older. The Self- structured questionnaire was used for data collection, composed of socio-demographic and stroke related-knowledge.. The Pilot study was carried out among 10% of volunteers. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted using a computer software program (SPSS) version 20. The T-test and chi-squared tests were used with a P-value of 0.05 to ensure the significances of the results. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the college of nursing, and written consent was taken from all participants. More than 90% of participants were single and knew what a stroke was, and more than 50% knew the different types of stroke. Also, participants had moderate knowledge about risk factors, signs, symptoms, and stroke prevention with 45.3%, 47.4%, and 38.0% respectively, and (50.0%) had poor knowledge of post-stroke complications and medications for treatment. Education level had a positive effect on participants’ knowledge, most of the participants in at the fourth class had a moderate level of knowledge about risk factors for stroke, which was statistically significant (p-value was is 0.037), while third and fourth class students had a moderate level of knowledge about’ signs and symptoms of stroke, which was statistically not significant (p-value > 0.005). Overall, students had a moderate knowledge score of stroke perception. Education level has a positive effect on fourth-year students' knowledge compared with students from third and second year classes.