Located in Partition Neutral Zone over Kuwait and Saud Arabia border, Wafra Ratawi is a carbonate reservoir having formation dip ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 degrees at edge of the field. Waterflood is to be implemented by new injectors or converting producers to water injectors. Reservoir studies were undertaken to determine whether inject down-dip or in a central location. While the down-dip injector has gravity advantage in displacement process, the central injector may support other four producers no more than two rows away. A reservoir simulation model suggested converting the central producer over the immediate down-dip well at a reservoir edge of 0.9 o dip. Reasons to draw this conclusion is not clear due to a complicated reservoir structure in this area. A five-well simulation sector model was therefore taken to investigate this issue.This study derived a correlation of recovery as a function of dip angle, relative permeability, edge aquifer strength, and injection to production ratio. The model results showed that the central injector performs better than the downdip injector in a five-well line drive pattern when Ratawi formation dip was less than 2.6 degrees. The central well in the five-well line drive was then converted to an injector in the Ratawi reservoir. The other four producers responded to injection with prompt increase in production and pressure, demonstrating a successful water injector conversion.This study explained the impacts of formation dip and injector location on wterflood recovery. The derived correlation helped the reservoir management team optimize recovery by selecting the injector location as a function of the reservoir dip.

The increasing water production in mature fields has a significant impact on production economics. A structured approach is required to tackle this challenge. Water shut-off (WSO) operations in open-hole horizontal wells do not carry a high success rate, however, careful candidate recognition and treatment can improve the chance of success. Ratawi is an Oolitic Limestone reservoir in Wafra oilfield, Partitioned Zone (PZ) between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. The reservoir has been undergoing water-flooding for pressure maintenance since 1998. Majority of the wells are completed as open-hole horizontal producers on artificial lift. The paper describes WSO performed in the biggest water producing well in Ratawi field with 94% water cut. Being located in the crestal area, where the preservation of reservoir energy has been a focus of the reservoir management strategy, made it a prime target for WSO which could lead to water flood optimization and improved sweep efficiency. The water shut-off treatment was designed with two-fold objective; primarily, to plug-off the fractures and the near wellbore area suspected to produce water and secondly, to isolate the open-hole to prevent the damage to the oil bearing zones. The challenging conditions for WSO required a synergistic approach by combining the latest technologies to achieve the desired objective. Real-time downhole measurements from the Fiber Optic Assisted Coiled Tubing (FOACT) were combined with the Open-Hole Inflatable Bridge Plug (OHIBP) to improve operational reliability while reducing risks of failure. The real time measurements assisted in reliable single-run OHIBP inflation under sub-hydrostatic conditions and also played a vital role in fine tuning the gel concentration in real time based on the formation response. Due to this holistic approach, 4000BWPD was eliminated and 30% oil gain was observed without any subsequent acidizing. Moreover, the additional cost of a replacement well and abandoning the existing well was saved. The success of this treatment opens the opportunity to apply the same technique to other potential candidates across the globe.

Horizontal sidetracking and waterflood are part of current Wafra Ratawi reservoir management strategies. These have proven successful to arrest production decline. A comprehensive surveillance program is considered to be the key to optimize waterflood performance. Saturation profile is one of critical parameters to understand waterflood sweep efficiency. The best way to acquire saturation data is by running saturation logs in vertical wells. Since horizontal sidetracking is one reservoir management strategy, the remaining vertical wells accessible for saturation logging are becoming limited and soon will not be available. This paper discusses an innovative and cost effective approach to this surveillance challenge. A combination of permanent fullbore oriented packer and retrievable whipstock, a selective re-entry system, was chosen to complete the wells. The existing vertical wellbore was converted to an observation wellbore before sidetracking. This technique has potential to save significant capital investment by using existing vertical wellbores to serve saturation surveillance purposes. Since the intent is to run saturation logs periodically in the vertical observation wellbore and to produce through the horizontal lateral during normal operation, there are several operational challenges that must be resolved. These mainly include: debris falling during ESP well services, re-entry jobs in horizontal lateral by work string, and effect of squeeze cement operation on cased-hole logs readings. This paper also discusses how the proposed completion techniques overcome these issues. Three wells have been successfully completed with this system. The first time-lapse cased-hole logs were also successfully run in one of these wells, including an attempt to re-enter the horizontal lateral by work string that went smoothly. This unique concept of saturation surveillance wellbore in horizontal producers can also be extended for new drill infill producers completed with cased pilot hole. The technique is considered to be an innovative and first time application across the globe.

BUMDes (Village-Owned Enterprises) are formed by the community and for the community, planning in their management already has a vision, mission, goals and work programs but there are still obstacles, namely lack of organization and lack of movement, direction in the management of BUMDes Karya Unggul Desa Punggul, if seen from the management indicators, namely planning or planning in the management of BUMDes in Punggul Village already has a vision, mission, objectives, work program, organizational structure, just how to execute the programs that have been prepared properly. If viewed from the planning indicators or planning has planned to make BUMDes according to or guided by the AD / ART that has been set by the BUMDes Punggul village, it already has a multiplicity of planning like its goals and work programs and has formed business units that will be run which It is hoped that it will be able to help the economy of the Punggul Village community and be able to increase village income. As for the AD / ART data in the form of BUMDes programs, such as savings and loan businesses, market businesses and stationery businesses. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques carried out by means of observation, documentation, interviews with informant determination techniques, data analysis techniques using the theory of Miles and Huberman (1984).

Located in Partition Neutral Zone over Kuwait and Saud Arabia border, Wafra Ratawi is a carbonate reservoir having formation dip ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 degrees at edge of the field. Waterflood is to be implemented by new injectors or converting producers to water injectors. Reservoir studies were undertaken to determine whether inject down-dip or in a central location. While the down-dip injector has gravity advantage in displacement process, the central injector may support other four producers no more than two rows away. A reservoir simulation model suggested converting the central producer over the immediate down-dip well at a reservoir edge of 0.9 o dip. Reasons to draw this conclusion is not clear due to a complicated reservoir structure in this area. A five-well simulation sector model was therefore taken to investigate this issue.This study derived a correlation of recovery as a function of dip angle, relative permeability, edge aquifer strength, and injection to production ratio. The model results showed that the central injector performs better than the downdip injector in a five-well line drive pattern when Ratawi formation dip was less than 2.6 degrees. The central well in the five-well line drive was then converted to an injector in the Ratawi reservoir. The other four producers responded to injection with prompt increase in production and pressure, demonstrating a successful water injector conversion.This study explained the impacts of formation dip and injector location on wterflood recovery. The derived correlation helped the reservoir management team optimize recovery by selecting the injector location as a function of the reservoir dip.