No abstract

The photovoltaic panel has become the most promising alternative technology for energy demand. Solar trackers have been used to improve the efficiency of a photovoltaic panel to maximize the sun’s exposure. In high temperatures, however, the photovoltaic efficiency is significantly reduced. This study observes photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator performance driven by a dual-axis solar tracking system. A photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator panel was built and equipped with angle and radiation sensors. A microcontroller processes the sensor signal and drives the motor to follow the sun’s movement in two-axis directions. Thermocouples are mounted on the photovoltaic and thermoelectric generator surfaces to monitor the temperature. The result shows that the temperature of the photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator is lower than that of the photovoltaic one. However, a contradiction occurred in the output power. The efficiency of the combined photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator was 13.99%, which is higher than the photovoltaic panel at 10.64% and the thermoelectric generator at 0.2%. The lower temperature in the photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator is responsible for increasing its performance. Although the thermoelectric generator contributes modest efficiency, its role in reducing the temperature is essential. Analyses of some cooling techniques for photovoltaic panels prove that the combined thermoelectric generator and heat sink improves photovoltaic performance with simplified technology.

Modul photovoltaic cell merupakan perangkat elektronik yang merubah energi matahari menjadi energi listrik. Photovoltaic cell memiliki potensi membentuk sistem yang bersih, handal dalam sistem kelistrikan yang terukur dan terjangkau untuk masa depan. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengujian performa keluaran listrik tegangan, arus, daya pada modul photovoltaic cell terhadap pengaruh intensitas cahaya. Penelitian dilakukan pada hari Jum’at 01 Juli 2022 di kecamatan Magetan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menempatkan 2 modul photovoltaic cell yang disusun secara seri dengan penempatan sudut kemiringan 121°. Pada penelitian pengukuran dilakukan pada suhu udara lingkungan, intensitas cahaya, keluaran listrik photovoltaic cell yang berupa tegangan, arus, dan daya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas cahaya mempengaruhi keluaran listrik dari photovoltaic cell. Nilai tegangan, arus, daya paling tinggi ditunjukkan pada pukul 12.18 WIB yaitu dengan tegangan 5.77 V, arus 0.27 A, dan daya 1.5579 W pada intensitas cahaya matahari sebesar 545.58 LUX.

This research aims to design an induction heating system and to investigate the effect of power supply and specimen diameter on specimen temperature and frequency on the coil. This study began with the development of an induction heating system that made use of circulating coolers outfitted with Thermoelectric Cooler Materials (TEC). It was intended to keep the temperature of the coil and the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) as low as possible. This study used AISI 4140 steel material with diameter variations of 7 mm, 14 mm, 21 mm, and 28 mm, with power levels of 60 W, 240 W, 540 W, and 960 W. The temperature was measured using a thermocouple connected to the specimen, and the frequency value obtained was measured using an oscilloscope. The research findings show that varying the applied power affects the frequency of the coil and the temperature of the specimen, with the higher the power, the faster the temperature of the specimen rises. The 60 W power can heat the specimen at an average temperature of 470°C and a frequency of 102 kHz. When the power variation is 960 W, the temperature in the specimen is 746°C, and the frequency is 110 kHz. On the temperature and frequency gradient pattern in the 0-600 s period, there are two stages, the first of which is ferromagnetic and the second of which is paramagnetic.