The Nusa Gede Panjalu Nature Reserve in Ciamis Regency is a conservation area that holds a variety of biodiversity and within it is a natural tourism area. It is feared that the existence of natural tourism areas will result in damage caused by human activities. This study aims to analyze the structure and composition of vegetation as well as environmental factors that affect vegetation growth in the Nusa Gede Panjalu Nature Reserve area. The method used in this study is the line transect method with sampling using quadrat. The data obtained were analyzed using the Importance Value Index (IVI), the index of Shannon-Wiener, and the index of Evenness. The results showed that the structure and composition of the vegetation in the Nusa Gede Panjalu Nature Reserve consisted of 416 individuals divided into 29 species. The plant species with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) in the seedling category were Dysoxylum densiflorum (28.73%), the pole category Litsea noronhae (23.72%) and for the tree category Dysoxylum densiflorum (49.12%). The diversity index obtained is included in the moderate level of diversity. Environmental factors affecting the growth of vegetation in the Nusa Gede Nature Reserve are the temperature, humidity, light intensity, and pH with an average temperature of 28.4°C, humidity of 85.1% light intensity of 1070.1 lux, and pH of 6.3.

Rafflesia patma Blume is a plant endemic to Pangandaran, West Java, which is protected because of its rare status. This study aims to study the composition of the floristic vegetation that supports the life of R. patma in the Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java. The research was conducted using a survey method with a purposive sampling technique and sampling using quadrat. The data obtained were then analyzed using the Importance Value Index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener index, and Evenness index. The results showed that R. patma in the Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve lived as a parasite on the roots and stems of Tetrastigma leucostaphylum. The floristic composition of the habitat of R. patma in the Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java, consisted of 251 individuals divided into 28 species. The plant species with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) were Syzygium antisepticum, Stephania capitata, Casearia sp., and Buchanania arborescens for the sapling category, as well as Syzygium antisepticum and Vitex pubescens for the tree category. The condition of the vegetation around the habitat of R. patma is quite dense with the diversity index values obtained belonging to the moderate level of diversity. The highest diversity index at the sapling level was found at the Cilegon location with an H' value of 2.14 and the highest diversity index at the tree level was found at the Gua Parat location with an H' value of 1.5.

Rafflesia patma is an endemic plant of Pangandaran, West Java which is protected because of its rare status. The purpose of this research is to study the population structure, distribution patterns, and the effect of the physical environment of abundance R. patma in Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve, West Java. The method used in this research was a survey method with a purposive sampling technique. Sampling was conducted using quadrat plots. The population pattern distribution was defined by a standardized Morisita index, and the analysis of abiotic environmental factors was determined by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using PAST3. The results showed that there were 114 R. patma individuals scattered in several research areas in Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve, they were Gua Parat (3 individuals), Cilegon (13 individuals), Pasir Putih (12 individuals), Badeto (48 individuals), and Curug Leutik (38 individuals). The distribution pattern of R. patma in Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve was clustered with the Morisita index value (Id) > 1. Based on the PCA analysis, results that support the classification of the cluster analysis were obtained. Based on four abiotic environmental conditions analyzed, the most dominant character in influencing the distribution patterns and population structure of R. patma is light intensity.

Kawasan Cagar Alam Pananjung Pangandaran memiliki ekosistem yang cukup beragam, antara lain ekosistem pantai, ekosistem hutan dataran rendah, dan ekosistem hutan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan vegetasi pada ekosistem hutan pantai dan hutan dataran rendah di wilayah Cagar Alam Pananjung Pangandaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 2 lokasi di kawasan Cagar Alam Pananjung Pangandaran yaitu Pasir Putih sebagai ekosistem hutan pantai dan Badeto sebagai ekosistem hutan dataran rendah. Metode yang digunakan adalah Line transect dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan di Cagar Alam Pananjung Pangandaran ditemukan sebanyak 20 spesies terdiri dari 20 famili dengan tingkat pertumbuhan yang berbeda diantaranya semai, tiang dan pohon. Hasil perhitungan INP pada tingkatan semai pada kedua ekosistem menunjukan didominasi oleh Alchornea rugosa (hutan pantai 57,6 % dan hutan dataran rendah 36,34 %). Spesies pada tingkatan tiang pada kedua ekosistem didominasi oleh Syzygium antisepticum (hutan pantai 68,24 % dan hutan dataran rendah 37,68 %). Tingkatan pohon pada ekosistem hutan didominasi oleh Barringtonia asiatica (73,58 %) dan pada ekosistem dataran rendah oleh Syzygium antisepticum (78,57 %). Keanekaragaman spesies pada setiap lokasi termasuk kedalam tingkat keanekaragaman yang sedang karena nilai H’ yang didapatkan antara rentang 1 sampai dengan 3.