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Fucoxanthin is a xanthophyll pigment which occurs in marine brown seaweeds (macroalgae), diatoms and several microalgae species. It forms with chlorophyll a-c and several proteins, a major fucoxanthin-chlorophyll a/c complex, which transfers light energy to the photosynthesis center and plays a major role in light harvesting. Recent studies have reported that fucoxanthin has many physiological functions and biological effects, such as anti-obesity, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and cardiovascular system protection. Therefore, this pigment is highly preferred for the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. In addition, potential applications of high value fucoxanthin can be found in cosmetic, food and feed industries. In this review paper, the historical development, characteristic properties and possible sources of fucoxanthin are extensively described. The potential biological activities of fucoxanthin are also discussed. Finally, brief overview of common applications and market analysis of commercial fucoxanthin are also reported.

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This comprehensive study focusing on the extractability of astaxanthin from Haematococcus cysts was carried out to compare the effectiveness of the cell disruption procedures. Both single step and combined cell disruption procedures were evaluated. A physical, chemical, enzymatic or mechanical disruption process was applied prior to mechanical disruption (bead vortex homogenizer or tissue homogenizer) for the combined cell disruption procedures. In this study the best result was obtained with the consecutive mechanical disruption processes using the combined procedure of tissue homogenizer and bead vortex homogenizer, yielding 68.32 mg Ast/g DW which was 31% higher than that obtained with the single step bead vortex homogenizer treatment. It was concluded that the combined disruption procedures were more effective than the single step disruption procedures with respect to the extractability of astaxanthin from Haematococcus cysts. ÖZBu çalışmanın ana amacı, minimum hücre içi metabolit kaybı ile maksimum ürün elde edilmesidir. Hücre parçalama teknikleri karşılaştırırlarak Haematococcus kistlerinden astaksantin ekstrakte edilebilirliği araştırılmıştır. Astaksantin eldesi üzerine fiziksel, kimyasal ve mekanik hücre parçalama işlemleri değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 68.32 mg Ast/g DW astaksantin verimi ile kombine prosedür olan doku homojenizatörü takiben bilyalı vorteks homojenizatör uygulamasında en iyi verime ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada kombine hücre parçalama işleminde tek basamaklı hücre parçalama işlemine göre daha başarılı olunmuştur.