Potato is one of the most important food crops in the world, which is of great significance for sustainable agricultural development. Mechanized planting is the essential technical link in mechanized production, which has an essential component in the potato growing industry. The mechanization of potato planting technology is an effective method of increasing potato yields. A variety of potato planting technologies and machines have been developed around the world. This review presents the research progress and application status of potato planters and planting technology worldwide. It classifies the planting technology into four types: research of materials characteristics for potatoes, soil cultivation, seed potato separation, and zero-speed seeding. The most critical seed potato separation technology was divided into six types according to the structure of the seed metering device. Detailed features have been provided for some typical potato planters and soil cultivation machines. Finally, the developing trend of intelligent planting technology was analyzed, and some suggestions were proposed to promote the development of potato planters.

In order to design a branch-cutting type green pepper harvesting device, we firstly study the whole process of straight knife green pepper cutting to reveal the cutting mechanism and provide theoretical guidance to the design. A finite element model was established for the cutting of pepper branches across the distance, and single-factor and multi-factor finite element simulation tests were conducted on the knife feed angle, tool edge angle, and knife feed speed of the working parts of the pepper cutting and harvesting device. The results of the experiment were analyzed by ANOVA, which showed the different degrees of importance of these factors, and the optimal parameters were obtained by response surface methodology (RSM). With the optimal parameters selected, the predicted maximum cutting force and cutting completion were 803.35 N and 98.58%, respectively, this satisfies the efficiency and economy requirements of agricultural machinery design. In addition, the cutting force of green pepper branches was analyzed and a theoretical mechanical model was developed to help us understand the variation of cutting force numerically. The stress–strain system, high-speed photography system and numerical prediction were innovatively combined to observe and measure the stress and other key state variables in the cutting process in detail, summarize their changing trend, and establish a time-based monitoring and comparison model. The above research results can provide a reference for the design of green pepper branch cutting and harvesting devices, such as direct guidance on the selection of working parameters, materials, etc., and guidance on the operation in actual work.