Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection that in recent years has become a major international public health problem. Purpose:This study was conducted to assess the sonographic findings in patients with dengue fever. Methods: A total of 112 patients who were clinically suspected of dengue underwent abdominal sonography on admission at our emergency department . The diagnosis of dengue fever was subsequently confirmed by serology in 86 patients. The study was conducted from September 2016 to January 2017 using LOGIC P5 USG machine at LG hospital, Ahmedabad. Results:Out of the 86 patients seropositive for dengue ,the sonographic feature of thickened gall bladder wall was noted in a total of 53 patients (61%). Gall bladder wall thickening as the only finding was noted in 12 patients (14%). The maximum thickness noted was 6.3mm and the smallest thickness noted was 2.4mm. Average thickness of the gall bladder was 3.4 mm ± 1mm. Other ultrasound findings such ascites was noted in 21 patients (24%), splenomegaly in 11 patients (12.7%), and pleural effusion in 23 patients (26%); pleural effusion was either rightsided or bilateral. Pleural effusion as the only finding was noted in 12 patients. In 21 sero positive patients (24%) no significant ultrasound findings were seen. 26 patients were seronegative and showed no significant ultrasound findings. Conclusion: Abdominal sonography for gall bladder wall thickening can be used as a firstline imaging modality in patients with suspected dengue fever to detect early signs suggestive of the disease prior to obtaining serologic confirmation test results, especially in a dengue fever epidemic area. Sonographic examinations are useful as an additional diagnostic tool for the prediction of dengue fever. A thickened gallbladder wall is a useful sonographic finding that can help in the detection. Early detection of dengue has a significant role in reduction of morbidity and mortality with better prognosis.

Encephalitis is critical life threatening acute infection of brain parenchyma. There has been a significant decrease in morbidity and mortality in patients with intracranial infection with the advent of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) which helps in treatment plan and follow up for complications. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of MRI in the evaluation of parenchymal changes in patients clinically suspected for brain infection. Material and methods: All the patients clinically suspected with brain infection were referred for MRI study of brain with or without contrast to the department of Radio diagnosis, LG hospital during the period of March 2016-June 2018 were evaluated to detect changes of encephalitis. The data was analyzed and Epi info version 7 was used for statistical calculations. Result: Total 29 patients were taken in our study. Patients from all age group were included in the study, in which 10 were females and 19 were male. Rasmussen encephalitis in three and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was diagnosed in four patients. Chickungunya, dengue and epstein Barr virus (EBV) was diagnosed in one patient each. Four patients had Japanese encephalitis and two patients had meningo encephalitis. Six patients had hemorrhagic areas with in the lesions. The findings of MRI were compared with the clinical presentation and follow up was obtained in some patients after treatment. Conclusion: MRI was found to be superior in visualization of the brain parenchymal involvement and its associated findings. MRI is helpful to reach the diagnosis of etiological factor, but laboratory investigation is helpful for confirmatory diagnosis.