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The theoretical formulae derived in this paper allow a rapid numerical modelling of clear sky colours under various aerosol loadings. After a detailed description of physical models of the atmosphere, numerical examples are performed for different situations. It is shown that the colours of daylight may become unstable even under cloudless conditions, which might become important for daylight photometry, colorimetry and related engineering applications. Based on the calculations, the isolines of hue and saturation are shown in figures related to the CIE u′v′ chromaticity description.

Multi-wavelength imaging luminance photometry of sky glow provides a huge amount of information on light pollution. However, the understanding of the measured data involves the combination of different processes and data of radiation transfer, atmospheric physics and atmospheric constitution. State of the art numerical radiation transfer models provide the possibility to define an inverse problem to obtain information on the emission intensity distribution of a city and perhaps the physical properties of the atmosphere. We provide numerical tests on the solvability and feasibility of such procedures.

The CIE standard color matching function is used in the description of color characteristics for stimuli reproduced on displays given that these represent visual sensitivity accurately. If this is not the case, the consequent estimation using the functions would be deviated from what we perceive. This study demonstrates the significant errors caused by applying the current standard color matching function for predicting visual results of color stimuli displayed on an LCD monitor equipped with RGB-LED backlights. The modified version of the standard color matching function is also introduced with its verification results in the reduction of prediction errors.

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