The diastereoselective addition of organometallic reagents to α-chloroaldehydes was first reported in 1959 and occupies a historically significant role as the prototypical reaction for Cornforth's model of stereoinduction. Despite clear synthetic potential for these reagents, difficulties associated with producing enantiomerically enriched α-haloaldehydes limited their use in natural product synthesis through the latter half of the 20th century. In recent years, however, a variety of robust, organocatalytic processes have been reported that now provide direct access to optically enriched α-haloaldehydes and have motivated renewed interest in their use as building blocks for natural product synthesis. This Highlight summarizes the methods available for the enantioselective preparation of α-haloaldehydes and their stereoselective conversion into natural products.

We recently discovered that Wilkinson's catalyst (ClRh(PPh3)3) is an excellent catalyst for alkyne hydrothiolation with alkanethiols to provide linear alkyl (E)-vinyl sulfides, which are valuable synthetic intermediates and precursors to bioactive molecules. Deuterium-labeling studies indicate that the reaction proceeds by thiol oxidative addition, alkyne migratory insertion, and subsequent reductive elimination.

The Daphniphyllum alkaloids are a diverse family of natural products rich in number and structural diversity that have been known for many decades. However, the structurally unique subclass of calyciphylline A-type alkaloids has only recently been discovered and is relatively unexplored. Several noteworthy core syntheses and the development of a wide range of novel synthetic strategies have been achieved. This includes strategies based on intramolecular Michael addition, Pd-catalysis, cycloaddition, and Mannich-type reactions. This review will provide an overview of these synthetic studies.

Concise syntheses of 2,5-disubstituted-3-hydroxytetrahydrofurans have been developed that provide access to each configurational isomer of this scaffold from a single aldol adduct. Application of these methods to the rapid preparation of (6S,7S,9S,10S)- and (6S,7S,9R,10R)-6,9-epoxynonadec-18-ene-7,10-diol, two structurally related marine epoxylipids, is reported.

A concise, stereoselective synthesis of functionalized tetrahydrofuranols has been developed that involves heating readily available chloropolyols in water. These reactions are operationally straightforward and chemoselective for the formation of tetrahydrofurans, obviating the need for complicated protecting group strategies. The efficiency of this process is demonstrated in a short asymmetric synthesis of the natural product (+)-goniothalesdiol.