Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia may be physiological or pathological. Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition requiring inpatient treatment and monitoring and many time requires readmission to hospital. Estimated incidence of jaundice in neonates is 60% to 84% of late term and term infants. Present study was undertaken to study clinical profile of neonates with jaundice at our tertiary care centre. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in neonates with jaundice admitted in SNCU ward during study period with serum bilirubin more than 10 ml/dl. Results: During study period 339 neonates were considered for presented study. 192 newborns (56.63%) developed jaundice after 72hrs. of birth. Only 28.90% newborns developed jaundice within 24 hrs. Of birth. 61.65% babies were male as compared to 38.34% female babies. Jaundice was most commonly noted in babies delivered at more than 34 weeks gestational age (60.17%), while only 10.02% babies were delivered between 28-32 weeks gestational age. 2500- 4000 gm birth weight babies were 60.14% while only 39.82% babies had weight less than 2500 gms. Incidence of neonatal jaundice was 60.06%, 30.38%, 08.55% in vaginal, caesarean section and instrumental delivery respectively. Physiological jaundice (30.67%), prematurity (25.30%), Rh incompatibility (10.91%), breast feeding/jaundice (10%), ABo incompatibility (6.19) and idiopathic (5.01%) were most common causes noted in our study. Conclusions: Male gender, 2500-4000 gm birth weight, vaginal delivery, physiological delivery, prematurity were common causes associated neonatal jaundice in our study. Parent counselling and monitoring of baby is most important in management of neonatal jaundice.

Background: Neonatal deaths constitute major portion of under-five mortalities in India. Neonatal period is very important and precious period because most of the preventable morbidities and mortalities occur in this period. In our country, prematurity, infection and prenatal asphyxia are three major causes for neonatal mortality. Various special newborn care unit (SNCU) are established in different district Hospitals to provide neonatal care which further decrease neonatal mortality. Methods: This observational retrospective study was planned to determine the clinical profile and outcome of various neonatal admissions at SNCU, of department of paediatrics Government Medical College Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir a newly established medical college in the rural setting of northern India which is a tertiary care hospital. The data was collected for a period of 1 year from 01 April 2021 to 31 March 2022. Detailed information was collected from files and registered onto the preset proformas and results were compiled. Results: A total 2495 newborns were enrolled for the study. 1796 (71.98%) were inborn and 699 (28.01%) were out born. Total male babies were 1569 (62.88%) and female babies were 926 (37.12%). Majority of patients were full term and weight ≥2.5 kg (86.05%). major indications for admission were sepsis 557 (22.32%), prenatal asphyxia 532(21.32%), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia 387 (15.5%), Low birth weight 348 (13.94%) and respiratory distress 308 (12.34%). Out of total, 1879 (75.3%) newborn were discharged successfully after treatment. 192 newborns were referred to higher centre for specialized care. 174 (7%) newborns died during the treatment. Conclusions: Neonatal period is a very crucial period for development of morbidity and mortality. SNCU with skilled staff can prevent the worst outcomes by early interventions.