The vegetables should be cultivated in an optimal way to obtain maximum yield. In tropical regions such in Indonesia, the growth of vegetables are influenced by climate factors such as humidity, temperature, nutrients and light. To gain the optimal and controlled condition during the growth periode, mustard plants could be cultivated hydroponically in a greenhouse. This study was conducted to identify the growth pattern of mustard (Brassica rappa var. Parachinensis L.) that hydroponically planted in a greenhouse which is equipped with a temperature, nutrients and light control. The aim of this research is to determine the best factors combination that provide the most optimum growth. This research was conducted by three treatments that were temperature, nutrition, and light. Each of the treatment has three variations : temperature (32 °C, 35 °C, and 38 °C), nutrition (2 mS/cm, 5 mS/cm, and 8 mS/cm), and light (7000 lux, 12000 lux, and 17000 lux) so there were 27 cultivation spaces or greenhouses used with different micro-climates. The growth rate was determined by the area of the leaf and it was measured during 48 days of cultivation. Control in each greenhouse is done by a pump actuator, incandescent bulbs and TL lamps. The result showed that temperature, nutrients and light affect on the growth of mustard. By single factor analysis, we found that maximum leaf area was produced at a temperature of 35 °C that was 565 cm-, nutrition 5 mS/cm that was 639.27 cm- and 17000 lux light that was 697.42 cm-. In short, the best growth rate was obtained at a temperature of 35 °C, nutrition of 5 mS/cm, and 17000 lux of light yield 1068.82 cm- of leaf area. Keywords: Light, mustard plants, nutrition, temperature ABSTRAKTanaman sayuran harus dibudidayakan dengan optimal agar diperoleh hasil yang maksimal. Di wilayah tropis seperti di  Indonesia,  pertumbuhan  tanaman  sayuran  dipengaruhi  oleh  beberapa  faktor  iklim  seperti  kelembaban,  suhu, nutrisi dan cahaya. Untuk memperoleh kondisi yang optimal dan terkendali selama periode pertumbuhan, tanaman sawi dibudidayakan secara hidroponik di dalam greenhouse. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi pola pertumbuhan tanaman sawi (Brassica  rappa var. parachinensis L.) yang dibudidayakan secara hidroponik di dalam greenhouse yang dilengkapi dengan kendali suhu, nutrisi dan cahaya. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan kombinasi faktor terbaik yang memberikan pertumbuhan paling optimal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memberikan tiga perlakuan dengan tiga variasi yaitu suhu (32 °C, 35 °C, dan 38 °C), nutrisi (2 mS/cm, 5 mS/cm, dan 8 mS/cm), dan cahaya (7000 lux, 12000 lux, dan 17000 lux) sehingga terdapat 27 ruang budidaya atau greenhouse dengan iklim mikro yang berbeda. Tingkat pertumbuhan ditentukan berdasarkan luas daun dan diukur selama 48 hari budidaya. Kendali di dalam masing- masing greenhouse dilakukan oleh aktuator pompa, lampu pijar dan lampu TL (Flourescent Lamp). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan suhu, nutrisi dan cahaya berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan tanaman sawi. Dari hasil analisis faktor tunggal, luas daun maksimum dihasilkan pada suhu 35 °C yaitu 565 cm-, nutrisi 5 mS/cm yaitu 639,27 cm- dan cahaya 17000 lux yaitu 697,42 cm-. Secara kombinasi, tingkat pertumbuhan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan suhu 35 °C, nutrisi 5 mS/cm, dan cahaya 17000 lux dengan hasil luas daun mencapai 1068,82 cm-. Kata kunci: Cahaya, nutrisi, tanaman sawi, suhu

The real data support the “seriousness” of the serious game and give more authentic situations, which can make players feel immersed in scenarios, and gain a real experience. Therefore, the modeler must be able to recognize whether a model reflects reality to identify and deal with divergences between theory and data. In this paper, we present a model for design a basis of immersive in serious games. The studied case is the tillage using a moldboard plow, by taking real data through an experiment use a device called soil bin. It aims to determine the effect of angle, depth, and speed on the soil porosity; by comparing the value of the smallest error using the polynomial function of the use of different orders. The result of an average smallest error with the polynomial approach is 1.10E-07 in the 3rd order, closer to the experimental value. Therefore, the model can be used for designing immersive serious game.

In most cases, problems that increase player involvement in immersive serious games do so by combining fun elements with a specific purpose. Previous studies have produced models of soil porosity and plow force that use the speed of plowing, the angle of the plow's eye, and the depth of the plow as the basis for a design strategy in immersion serious games. However, these studies have not been able to show the optimal strategy of engagement of the player in the game. In the domain of serious game concept learning, strategies can be formed based on real conditions or data from experimental results. In a serious game, the aim is to increase the player's knowledge so that the player gains knowledge by coming up with strategies to play the game.This research aims to increase the engagement of players by means of multi-objective optimization based on Pareto optima, with the objectivity of soil porosity and plow force that is affected by the speed of plowing, the angle of the plow's eye, and the depth of the plow. The results of this optimization are used as a basis for the design of strategies in a serious game in the form of Hierarchy Finite State Machine (HFSM). From the results of the study, it was found that there is an optimal area for the game strategy that is also an indicator of how to successfully process the soil tillage using a moldboard plow.

This paper studies important factors that influence the physical workload of rice harvesters. Rice harvesting in Java, Indonesia, mostly uses manual and semi-mechanical methods that require significant physical energy. These harvesting methods have potential Ergonomic Risk Factors (ERFs) that are skeletal, muscle, and peripheral nerve disorders called Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Surveys and observations of 7 workers of manual and 9 workers of semi-mechanical rice harvesting practices were done in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta Province. The dependent variable of Cardio-vascular Load (CVL) was formulated in multiple linear regression equations by some independent variables, that were age, smoking habits, heart rate, and ambient temperature. The results showed that age and ambient temperature variables correlate strongly with CVL manual worker. CVL semi-mechanical worker was strongly correlated with age and heart rate. By F test, manual worker workload, 94.5% was significantly influenced by variables of age, smoking habits, heart rate and ambient temperature. CVL semi-mechanical workers were only 91.1%. To avoid high CVL, the age factor of workers is a major consideration. MSDs occur in the upper and lower back for manual workers, while semi-mechanical workers occur on the lower back and both hands. From the assessment of work posture in 4 elements of harvesting, transporting element was the activity with the worst posture. Ergonomic interventions are needed to reduce ergonomic risks in transportation.

Blora and Grobogan are regions with higher production capacity of corn commodity compared to other regions in Central Java province. However, low number of technical irrigation and el-nino phenomenon have become the main threat for the sustainability of corn farming in both regions. During dry session, the top soil of the land are solidified which lead to higher difficulty for planting the corn seed using traditional tool. An improved design of the traditional seeder is then required to solve this problem to enable farmers plant corn seed during dry session. The objective of this research was to develop seeder prototype with “Tugal Dalam” type in Blora and Grobogan regions where the land have been categorized as marginal land during dry session. The proposed design is based on technical, ergonomic, economical, and social aspect. The qualitative approach was used to obtain the technical, ergonomical, economical and social aspect required by the farmer. Kansei Engineering is used to translate and evaluate the proposed design through some tests conducted on several group of farmers where they were requested to use 4 seeder design options and write their preference on each design option based on the mentioned aspects. Tests confirmed that the proposed design can be used to plant a corn seed at farmers desired characteristics. Kansei engineering also confirmed that ‘high speed’, ‘easy to operate’, ‘low price’, ‘easy to handle’ and ‘has a watering system’ were preferred by the farmers and determined their decision on buying and using the seeder tool. Keywords: kansei engineering,  marginal land, seeder development, tugal dalam