Conductance quantization phenomena are observed in oxide-based resistive switching memories. These phenomena can be understood by the formation and disruption of atomic-scale conductive filaments in the insulating oxide matrix. The quantum conductance effect can be artificially modulated by controlling the electrical parameters in Set and Reset processes, and can be used for multi-level data storage and help understand and design one-dimensional structures at atomic scales in various materials systems.

Social networks have the structure of communities. To understand how the community structure affects epidemic spreading, we present a simplified model of community network, and investigate the epidemic propagation in this model. We find that, compared to the random network, the community network has a broader degree distribution, a smaller threshold of epidemic outbreak, and more prevalence to keep the outbreak endemic. The formulae of epidemic threshold are given and confirmed by numerical simulations.

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