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Atomic diffusion is a natural phenomenon in liquid melt. Avoiding the melt convection is the most challenging when accuracy in measuring the diffusion coefficient of atoms is desired. The diffusion in liquid Al–Cu melts is studied under various static magnetic fields (SMFs). Thermoelectric magnetic convection is induced during the diffusion in the conductive crucible. It is suppressed by increasing the magnetic flux density or eliminated by using an insulated crucible. The interdiffusion coefficient can be accurately measured in the SMF greater than 3 T. The present work provides a new view to study the solidification of alloys under the SMF.

A novel gravity-assisted automatic docking (GAAD) method is presented for the study of interdiffusion processes in liquid Al–Cu melts. A novel GAAD device was designed to be suitable in a strong static magnetic field (SSMF) with a bore size of 50 mm. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy was used to quantitatively analyze the concentration profiles of diffusion capillaries. The interdiffusion coefficient (DAlCu) was measured by applying Fick’s second law. The combination of SSMF and GAAD made the original diffusion interface be easily determined and not be oxidized. The melt convection was completely reduced to reach the pure diffusion state. The performance of this GAAD measurement method assisted by a SSMF was successfully verified by a diffusion experiment in an Al–Cu melt.