Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that tumour cells release substantial amounts of RNA into the bloodstream, in which RNA strongly resists RNases and is present at sufficient levels for quantitative analyses. Our study aimed to discover blood‐based markers for the early detection of CRC and to ascertain their efficiency in discriminating healthy controls, patients with polyps and adenomas and cancer patients. We first analysed and screened ZFAS1, SNHG11, LINC00909 and LINC00654 in a bioinformatics database and then collected clinical plasma samples for preliminary small‐scale analysis and further large‐scale verification. We then explored the mechanism of dominant lncRNA SNHG11 expression in CRC by in vitro and in vivo assays. The combination of ZFAS1, SNHG11, LINC00909 and LINC00654 showed high diagnostic performance for CRC (AUC: 0.937), especially early‐stage disease (AUC: 0.935). Plasma levels of the four candidate lncRNAs were significantly reduced in postoperative samples compared to preoperative samples. A panel including these four lncRNAs performed well in distinguishing patient groups with different stages of colon disease, and SNHG11 exhibited the greatest diagnostic ability to identify precancerous lesions and early‐stage tumour formation. Mechanistically, high SNHG11 expression promotes proliferation and metastasis by targeting the Hippo pathway. Taken together, the data indicate that SNHG11 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of CRC and a potential biomarker for the early detection of CRC.

All tissues and organs can be affected by diseases, and treatments for these diseases can cause damage to surrounding healthy tissues and organs. Therefore, treatment is required that involves disease therapy alongside tissue/organ regeneration. The design, construction, and biomedical applications of biomaterial platforms with both disease-therapeutic and tissueregeneration multifunctionalities are in demand, which are herein referred to as theragenerative (abbreviation of therapy and regeneration) biomaterials. Due to the rapid development of theragenerative biomaterials in versatile biomedical applications, this progress report aims to summarize, discuss, and highlight the rational construction of distinctive theragenerative biomaterials with intrinsic therapeutic performance and tissueregeneration bioactivity. Based on the intrinsic response to either external physical triggers (e.g., photonic response or magnetic-field response) or endogenous disease microenvironments (e.g., mild acidity or overexpressed hydrogen peroxide) and tissue-regeneration bioactivity, these theragenerative biomaterials are extensively explored in various biomedical fields, including bone-tumor therapy/regeneration, bone antibacterial therapy/regeneration, skin-tumor therapy/regeneration, skin antibacterial therapy/regeneration, breast-tumor therapy/adipose-tissue regeneration, and osteoarticular-tuberculosis therapy/bone-tissue regeneration. The challenges faced and future developments of these distinctive theragenerative biomaterials are discussed, as are methods for further promoting their clinical translation.

The advances of nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine enable the triggering of in situ chemical reactions in disease microenvironment for achieving disease-specific nanotherapeutics with both intriguing therapeutic efficacy and mitigated side effects. Metal peroxide based nanoparticles, as one of the important but generally ignored categories of metal-involved nanosystems, can function as the solid precursors to produce oxygen (O 2 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) through simple chemical reactions, both of which are the important chemical species for enhancing the therapeutic outcome of versatile modalities, accompanied with the unique bioactivity of metal ion based components. This progress report summarizes and discusses the most representative paradigms of metal peroxides in chemoreactive nanomedicine, including copper peroxide (CuO 2 ), calcium peroxide (CaO 2 ), magnesium peroxide (MgO 2 ), zinc peroxide (ZnO 2 ), barium peroxide (BaO 2 ), and titanium peroxide (TiO x ) nanosystems. Their reactions and corresponding products have been broadly explored in versatile disease treatments, including catalytic nanotherapeutics, photodynamic therapy, radiation therapy, antibacterial infection, tissue regeneration, and some synergistically therapeutic applications. This progress report particularly focuses on the underlying reaction mechanisms on enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of these modalities, accompanied with the discussion on their biological effects and biosafety. The existing gap between fundamental research and clinical translation of these metal peroxide based nanotherapeutic technologies is finally discussed in depth.

Large intergenic noncoding RNA regulator of reprogramming (Linc‐RoR) was first identified as a regulator to increase the emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells through reprogramming differentiated cells and is abnormal expression in a variety of malignant tumors. However, the function of Linc‐RoR in pancreatic cancer progression needs further clarification. The data from this study demonstrated that Linc‐RoR knockdown suppressed cell proliferative capacity and colony formation, while Linc‐RoR overexpression promoted these behaviors. In particular, Linc‐RoR overexpression promoted the level of mesenchymal markers, inhibited the expression of epithelial markers, as well as enhanced pancreatic cancer cells migration and invasion, whereas Linc‐RoR knockdown inhibited the expression of mesenchymal markers, promoted the expression of epithelial markers, as well as weakened pancreatic cancer cells migration and invasion. Further study revealed that Linc‐RoR knockdown brought about a significant fall in YAP phosphorylation and a rise in total YAP, while Linc‐RoR overexpression produced the opposite results. Specifically, Linc‐RoR promoted YAP in the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Taken together, we conjectured that Linc‐RoR promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by activating the Hippo/YAP pathway. YAP might be an underlying target of Linc‐RoR and mediate epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer (PC); thus, Linc‐RoR might be a very meaningful biomarker for PC.

The terrible morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors urgently require innovative therapeutics, especially for apoptosis‐resistant tumors. Pyroptosis, a pro‐inflammatory form of programmed cell death (PCD), is featured with pore formation in plasma membrane, cell swelling with giant bubbles, and leakage of cytoplasmic pro‐inflammatory cytokines, which can remodel the tumor immune microenvironment by stimulating a “cold” tumor microenvironment to be an immunogenic “hot” tumor microenvironment, and consequently augment the therapeutic efficiency of malignant tumors. Benefiting from current advances in nanotechnology, nanomedicine is extensively applied to potentiate, enable, and augment pyroptosis for enhancing cancer‐therapeutic efficacy and specificity. This review provides a concentrated summary and discussion of the most recent progress achieved in this emerging field, highlighting the nanomedicine‐enabled/augmented specific pyroptosis strategy for favoring the construction of next‐generation nanomedicines to efficiently induce PCD. It is highly expected that the further clinical translation of nanomedicine can be accelerated by inducing pyroptotic cell death based on bioactive nanomedicines.