The purpose of this article is to review the literature related to the effects of spinal cord injuries on genitourinary, gastrointestinal, and sexual function. These important areas of function are profoundly affected by spinal cord injuries, with the effects of injury being dependent on the specific level and degree of neurologic dysfunction. Our ability to manage neurogenic bladder dysfunctions and neurogenic bowel dysfunctions has improved over the past few years; however, in general the techniques used have not significantly changed. In contrast, a significant amount of new information has been made available regarding the effects of specific neurologic injuries on sexual response, particularly female sexual response. Moreover, techniques to remediate erectile dysfunction and infertility in the male have vastly improved the fertility potential of men with spinal cord injuries. Further research is warranted in all of these areas.
Background: Late preterm birth is an increasing phenomenon presently accounting for 70% of all preterm infants. It can be hypothesised that mothers of late preterm infants find it difficult to accept preterm birth and have feelings of guilt about the premature delivery and its possible consequences. Methods: Mothers of late preterm infants (n = 42) and women who gave birth to full term infants in the same maternity ward and matched for parity and delivery route (n = 42) completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the StateTrait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire (STAI-Y), and the Psychological Stress Measure (PSM) and provided information about their medical history three days after delivery. Results: According to the data gathered, mothers of late preterm infants experience more stress, anxiety, and depression than mothers of full-term infants (Anxiety-trait (T), 45.8 ± 10.
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