Vacuum metal deposition was introduced in the process of visualization of latent fingermarks already in the 20th century. However, due to the requirement of using specialist equipment to ensure appropriate conditions for the development process, which would have generated significant costs, the method was not available in Poland. Technological developments, however, made it possible to create compact devices with smaller dimensions and lower parameters, which, nowadays, can be used in virtually every forensic fingerprint identification laboratory. The article describes the theoretical basis of the process of developing fingerprints by means of the vacuum metal deposition method with the use of sequential deposition of gold, zinc and silver on the tested surfaces. The device used for the VMD method is also presented along with sample effects of treating fingerprints on various surfaces, including registration in the range of reflected infrared light and with recovering marks on lifting foils. The final part deals with the issue of accrediting forensic service providers performing fingerprint examinations, including problems related to the implementation of vacuum metal deposition in the range of accredited fingerprint visualization techniques.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań, których celem było określenie, w jakim stopniu ozon wykorzystywany do dezynfekcji pomieszczeń wpływa na możliwość ujawnienia metodą DFO śladów linii papilarnych na podłożach papierowych. Gwałtowny wzrost zachorowani na COVID-19 skierował uwagę na dezynfekcję pomieszczeń technikami, które zapewniają bezpieczeństwo ich użytkownikom. Istotne staje się także zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa osobom otrzymującym przesyłki, na których mogą się znajdować patogeny. Ich inaktywacja powinna być dokonana w taki sposób, aby można było przeprowadzić badania pozwalające na identyfikację nadawcy, co jest istotne z punktu widzenia kryminalistyki. Ozonowanie jest techniką dezynfekcji wykorzystywaną od wielu lat, szczególnie do uzdatniania wody, w przemyśle spożywczym. Eksperymenty wykonano w pomieszczeniach o kubaturze ok. 20 m3 przy użyciu generatora ozonu dostępnego na rynku. Uzyskiwane stężenie gazowego ozonu nie przekraczało 10 ppm. Przeprowadzone badania potwierdziły, że ślady linii papilarnych pozostawione na papierze kserograficznym umieszczonym w pomieszczeniu poddanym ozonowaniu w stężeniu nieprzekraczającym 10 ppm nie ulegają zniszczeniu i z powodzeniem mogą być ujawnione metodą DFO. The effect of ozone disinfection of rooms on the efficacy of revealing dactyloscopic traces on the surface of the paper using the DFO method during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic The article presents the results of research aimed at determining the extent to which ozone used for disinfecting rooms affects the possibility of developing fingerprints on paper using the DFO method. A sudden increase in COVID-19 cases has placed the focus on disinfection techniques for user safety. It is also becoming important to ensure the safety of parcels addressed to various recipients by inactivating pathogens, while maintaining the possibility of examination that can identify the sender, which is important from the point of view of forensics. Ozonation is a disinfection technique that has been used for many years, in particular for water treatment or in the food industry. The experiments were carried out in rooms with a cubature of approx. 20 m3 using an ozone generator available on the market. The obtained ozone gas concentration did not exceed 10 ppm. The conducted research confirmed that the traces of fingerprints left on xerographic paper placed in a room subjected to ozonation in a concentration not exceeding 10 ppm are not damaged and can be successfully developed with the DFO method.
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