The presence of vermiform appendix in an inguinal hernia sac is known as Amyand’s hernia. This research paper examines the case of a 28-day-old Syrian male presented with a history of an infected right-sided hydrocele from the age of 14 days. Upon admission, ultrasonography was reported as a right testicular torsion. Accordingly, emergency surgical exploration was performed, and by exposing the spermatic cord fascia, 7 mL of pus was drained, revealing the cecum and perforated appendix lying beside the right testis, which showed evidence of ischemia and bluish discoloration.

The management of bladder exstrophy (BE) remains one of the most significant challenges encountered by pediatric urologists despite improvements in the operative techniques worldwide. Regardless of surgical technique, timing of primary closure remains a matter of debate. The initial closure may be performed within the first 48–72 hours of life or at ~6–12 weeks of age. Delayed presentation until adolescence is extremely rare. However, due to lack of awareness, and access to healthcare along with poor socioeconomic conditions in developing countries, some patients may not receive treatment during infancy. We present a case of a 10-year-old Syrian male with BE associated with complete rectal prolapse who did not undergo any previous surgical interventions.

Intussusception (IS) is defined as invagination of part of the bowel into an adjacent section of the intestines and is the second most common cause of small bowel obstruction in children. Postoperative ileoileal intussusception after surgical reduction is a special type of ileoileal intussusception and is considered idiopathic. This research paper examines the case of a female Syrian toddler who had been diagnosed with ileoileal intussusception after surgical reduction. Diagnosis of celiac disease was later histopathologically confirmed. Celiac disease (CD) may be the underlying cause for special types of intussusception that may be considered idiopathic, and further investigations, such as endoscopy, should be considered.

Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an unusual hamartomatous polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract associated with melanocytic mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation. This research paper examines the case of an 18-month-old Syrian female who had been diagnosed with intussusception. The patient underwent laparotomy, and multiple small bowel polyps were found to act as the lead point. For this reason, small bowel resection (~15 cm), with end-to-end anastomosis, were performed. Although PJS diagnosis was histopathologically confirmed, the patient had no pigmented lesions on the face, the lower lip or the buccal mucosa and neither had any history of hospitalization or family history of the disease. This case was examined and is reported in the present study because PJS is rarely present at this early age when significant medical history is lacking.

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