AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of levosimendan and thymoquinone (TQ) on lung injury after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).Materials and methodsTwenty-four Wistar albino rats were included in the study. The animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental groups. In Group C (control group), left anterior descending artery was not occluded or reperfused. Myocardial I/R was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery for 30 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in the I/R, I/R-levosimendan (24 µg/kg) (IRL) group, and I/R-thymoquinone (0.2 mL/kg) (IRTQ) group. Tissue samples taken from the lungs of rats were histochemically stained with H&E and immunohistochemically stained with p53, Bcl 2, Bax, and caspase 3 primer antibodies.ResultsIncreased expression of p53 and Bax was observed (4+), especially in the I/R group. In IRTQ and IRL groups, expression was also observed at various locations (2+, 3+). H&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged and the walls of the alveoli were too thick, the number of areas examined was increased during the evaluation. Caspase 3 expression was observed to be at an (1+, 2+) intensity that was usually weak and diffuse in multiple areas. Bcl 2 was not found to be expressed in any of the tissues. H&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged in the I/R group, with the walls of the channels and alveoli thickened and edematous, and also an intense inflammatory cell migration was observed. Immunohistochemical staining was more prominent in inflammatory areas and structures around the terminal bronchioles.ConclusionThe findings in our study have shown that administration of levosimendan and TQ during I/R increases expression of caspase 3, p53, and Bax in lung tissue and has a protective effect on lung as distant organ. We suggest that findings of this study be elucidated with further large-scale clinical studies.

Background/aim: Recovery after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) can be complicated, leading to postoperative morbidity. The roles of hematologic and surgery-related parameters are important. The main purpose of this study is to determine the role of preoperative and postcardiopulmonary bypass neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on postoperative recovery. Materials and methods: Sixty-two patients aged between 41 and 80 years, scheduled for elective CABG surgery with ASA I-II risk and without a history of preoperative blood transfusion, were included in the study. Three patients were excluded due to their need for additional surgical procedures other than CABG. The patients were divided into two groups that were formed depending on preoperative NLR cutoff values below (Group 1, n = 37) and above 4 (Group 2, n = 22). Postoperative data such as length of stay in the hospital and in the intensive care unit (ICU), chest tube drainage, and incidence of atrial fibrillation were recorded for all patients. Results: Preoperative NLR was significantly lower in Group 1 (P < 0.0001), and there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of postoperative NLR (P = 0.217) when the two groups were compared. The patients in Group 2 had a longer length of stay in the ICU (P = 0.035) and in the hospital (P = 0.034). There was a positive correlation between preoperative NLR and length of stay in the ICU (P = 0.017) and the hospital (P = 0.014). No statistically significant differences in postoperative drainage or incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation were detected between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate that the postoperative NLR may be useful to predict the length of hospital and ICU stays and help the management of follow-up and treatment processes in patients undergoing CABG surgery.

Background/aim: The protective effect of erdosteine on local and distant organ injury due to ischemia/reperfusion has been well documented but its effect on erythrocyte deformability needs further investigation. Our aim was to investigate the effect of erdosteine on erythrocyte deformability in the infrarenal aorta of rats undergoing ischemia/reperfusion. Materials and methods:Our study was conducted with 18 Wistar albino rats. Rats were divided into 3 groups: a randomized control group (group 'control' , n = 6), an ischemia/reperfusion group without erdosteine (group 'ischemia/reperfusion' , n = 6), and an ischemia/ reperfusion group with erdosteine at 150 mg kg -1 , intraperitoneally (group 'ischemia/reperfusion -erdosteine' , n = 6). Packs of erythrocytes were prepared from heparinized blood samples and deformability measurements were conducted.Results: Comparisons of the control and ischemia/reperfusion -erdosteine groups revealed similar results (P = 0.051). The values of the ischemia/reperfusion group were significantly higher than those of the control and ischemia/reperfusion -erdosteine groups (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.024, respectively). Relative resistance, a marker of erythrocyte deformability, was increased significantly by ischemia/ reperfusion compared to the control and ischemia/reperfusion -erdosteine groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion:We detected unfavorable effects of ischemia/reperfusion on erythrocyte deformability, which may lead to disturbance in blood flow and hence tissue perfusion in the infrarenal rat aorta. We also found that erdosteine had beneficial effects by reversing undesirable effects of ischemia/reperfusion. However, these promising results should be further supported by more detailed studies with larger volumes.

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Santral venöz ve arteriyel alanlarda vasküler erişim yollarının kullanılması, son on yıllarda önemli ölçüde artış gösterdi. Damar içinde yabancı cisim unutulması, hem çocuklarda hem de erişkinlerde iyi bilinen bir santral venöz kateter yerleştirme komplikasyonudur. Bu yazıda, bir çocuk olguda toraks duvarının subkütan dokusuna nüfuz eden unutulmuş bir intrakardiyak kılavuz tel parçasının cerrahi olarak çıkarılmasına ilişkin deneyimimiz sunuldu.