Grapevine wood hosts diverse fungal species, including pathogens that cause grapevine trunk diseases and wood decomposers, with detrimental effects on yields. This study focuses on the effects of two pruning systems, minimal (min-) or spur-pruning, on the community of trunk pathogens and other wood-colonizing fungi in the trunks of two cultivars, Mourvèdre and Syrah. Culture and DNA-based methods were used to describe the fungal communities. In both cultivars, especially Syrah, spur-pruned vines had more wood necrosis than min-pruned vines, and the community of spur-pruned Syrah was distinguished by its Single-Stranded Conformational Polymorphism (SSCP) profile. Diversity profiles of all 88 cultivated taxa and Canonical Correspondence Analyses of the 15 most frequently isolated taxa revealed differences in community structure due to pruning system, trunk location, and/or wood type. Greater levels of wood necrosis may be due to the composition of the fungal community rather than to a greater diversity of taxa.

Afin d’illustrer l’influence des modes de conduite ou des systèmes de taille, sur le développement d’une maladie du bois de la vigne, l’esca, une synthèse a été réalisée à partir de résultats obtenus dans le cadre de deux projets, le CASDAR/CNIV V1303 (2013-2017) et ‘GTDfree’ financé par l’ANR et la Maison Hennessy (2016-2021). Une conclusion majeure est que les modes de conduite extrêmement simplifiés et les systèmes de taille trop sévères sont à proscrire dans le cadre de la prévention et gestion de l’esca, notamment pour les cépages sensibles.