Groundnut is sensitive to Fe deficiency under alkaline and calcareous soils and exhibits iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) causing significant reduction in growth and yield. Genotypes were assessed for IDC related traits such as visual chlorosis rating, SPAD chlorophyll meter reading, chlorophyll and active iron (Fe2+) content across five growth stages and also for productivity traits viz., plant height, number of primary branches, number of pods per plant, pod yield, shelling per cent, 100 seed weight and haulm yield. Comparison between Fe-supplemented and Fe-nonsupplemented condition for IDC related traits showed not much difference among IDC tolerant genotypes across all five growth stages, while significant differences among IDC susceptible genotypes were observed. Maximum reduction in pod yield was observed among IDC susceptible genotypes compared to IDC tolerant and moderately tolerant genotypes. However, recently released variety G 2- 52 with moderate tolerance to IDC and higher yield potential recorded higher pod yield both under Fe applied (1754 kgha–1) and non-applied conditions (1544 kgha–1).

To evaluate and compare the available literature on efficiency of different retention appliances in maintaining the results achieved after orthodontic treatment in cleft palate patients. On comparing the literature available on different retention appliances currently available, it was found that the cast metal retainers offered a more stable and rigid design to maintain the post treatment arch width and also provided the aesthetic replacement of the missing teeth in the cleft region by incorporating a pontic. The cleft lip and palate patients should be informed and motivated for a long term or indefinite retention phase irrespective of the type of retention appliance used. Presently, very few studies are available comparing the effectiveness of different retention protocols in cleft lip and palate patients. Hence, there is need to conduct evidence based high quality longitudinal studies to compare the effectiveness of different retention appliances.