In the literature review, 50 scientific sources surrounding the problem of vitamin D deficiency, 80% of which amounted to the issuance of the last 5 years, have been analyzed. Despite the impact of vitamin D deficiency on the health of children and adolescents has been studied for a long time, the information on the role of vitamin D in the formation of menstrual function in pubertal girls is scant and ambiguous. Among the hypotheses of menstrual dysfunction with vitamin D deficiency, neurohumoral regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system is considered to be essential due to the localization of vitamin D receptors (VDR), unlike other vitamins, in the nuclei of various tissues and organs. However, in the last 10 years, data on the role of genetic polymorphism of the VDR gene in the pathogenesis of various manifestations of menstrual dysfunction have been accumulated. Some studies indicated a beneficial effect of cholecalciferol on such menstrual dysfunctions as oligomenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. Regarding numerous data on the role of vitamin D, both traditional and recently published, there is a strong correlation between vitamin D deficiency and other various factors, determining a wide range of polymorphic clinical manifestations where menstrual dysfunction is essential in girls at the age of puberty. ARTICLE HISTORY

This study was undertaken to compare amino acid concentrations in maternal and newborn infants' serum in normal pregnancy and two groups of obese women who were born themselves with normal and small for gestational age (SGA) birth weight. Maternal cholesterol, lipoproteins concentrations and maternal and infants amino acid concentrations were evaluated at the time of delivery in 28 normal pregnancies, 46 obese pregnant women with normal birth weight (Ob-AGA group) and 44 obese pregnant women born themselves SGA (Ob-SGA group). Mean birth weight of newborn infants in Ob-SGA group was significantly less than in normal and Ob-AGA groups. Cholesterol and lipoproteins were significantly elevated in obese women (more prominent in Ob-SGA group). Most amino acid concentrations and fetal-maternal amino acid gradients were significantly lower in Ob-SGA group. These data suggest significant changes in placental amino acid transport/synthetic function in obese women who were born themselves SGA.

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The results of this study suggest that hyperglycemia may program the development of cerebral ischemia in infants born to women with 1298С MTHFR gene polymorphism.

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