As road transportation energy use and environmental impact are globally rising at an alarming pace, authorities seek in research and technological advancement innovative solutions to increase road traffic sustainability. The unclear and partial correlation between road congestion and environmental impact is promoting new research directions in traffic management. This paper aims to review the existing modeling approaches to accurately represent traffic behavior and the associated energy consumption and pollutant emissions. The review then covers the transportation problems and control strategies that address directly environmental performance criteria, especially in urban networks. A discussion on the advantages of the different methods and on the future outlook for the eco-traffic management completes the proposed survey.
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