The northern zone of Cameroon, which depends mainly on agriculture, is considered one of the most vulnerable regions in the country to climate change. Few studies based on field data have examined the changes in climatic conditions that affect agriculture. This research focuses on fluctuations in precipitation that determine dry and wet seasons. From 1973 to 2020, data were collected from weather stations located in three major cities in northern Cameroon: Ngaoundere, Garoua and Maroua. Data were tested for homogeneity using the Pettitt and Buishand tests. Trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test, Sen's slope estimator and the regression line, while drought severity was assessed using the standardized rainfall index method. These data homogeneity tests were performed using two statistical tools, SPSS and XLSTA software. According to the Pettitt’s test, rainfall increased by 29.6% in Ngaoundere from 1997 to 2020, compared to the previous years of 1973–1996; in Garoua, rainfall increased by 36.2% from 1988 to 2020, compared to the previous years of 1973–1987. However, from 1973 to 2020, the average rainfall in Maroua remained stable around 716.5 mm, with a decreasing trend according to the Mann-Kendall test. In conclusion, this study shows that rainfall has increased significantly in the cities of Ngaoundere and Garoua, making these areas favorable for seasonal and market gardening. However, in Maroua, caution is advised, as rainfall is reportedly decreasing in this locality, increasing the risk of food insecurity. A credible climate warning system must be implemented on a large scale to guide farmers.

Climate change influences the performance of Cameroon's agribusinesses. Therefore, Cameroon was considered one of the countries most exposed to climate risks. The most vulnerable sector of its economy remains agriculture, which provides raw materials essential to the development of agribusinesses. This paper addressed the issue of climate change and its influences on the development of the country’s agribusiness. The methodological approach was based on bibliometric and bibliographic analyses, with a critical reading of articles published between 2005 and 2020 using search engines such as Microsoft Academic, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate. The results of the literature review showed that climate change is a serious threat to the development of Cameroon's agro-industries. Observations revealed variability in rainfall and temperature and an increase in extreme weather events. Climate variability would then lead to a 15% reduction in crop yields, on average, in sub-Saharan Africa in general by 2046 to 2055 compared to 1996 to 2005. From 2005 to 2020, the number of scientific publications in the field of climate change amounted to 215,470, including 127,379 on climate change and agribusiness. The yield reduction shows that climate change is a serious threat to agribusiness development, and the number of scientific publications shows a growing interest in this issue. Mitigation measures focused on the development of both climate monitoring tools and resilience strategies.

The northern zone of Cameroon, which depends mainly on agriculture, is considered one of the most vulnerable regions in the country to climate change.Few studies based on eld data have examined the changes in climatic conditions that affect agriculture. This research focuses on uctuations in precipitation that determine dry and wet seasons. From 1973 to 2020, data were collected from weather stations located in three major cities in northern Cameroon: Ngaoundere, Garoua and Maroua. Data were tested for homogeneity using the Pettitt and Buishand tests. Trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test, Sen's slope estimator and the regression line, while drought severity was assessed using the standardized rainfall index method. These data homogeneity tests were performed using two statistical tools, SPSS and XLSTA software. According to the Pettitt's test, rainfall increased by 29.6% in

The northern part of Cameroon is reported to be vulnerable to climate change and heavily dependent on agriculture. However, few studies have considered the evolution of climatic data that influence agriculture. Existing studies are rarely based on field data. The assessment of precipitation has gained more attention than that of temperature. Few publications have addressed temperature dynamics, and this research contributes to closing that gap by studying the dynamics of three temperature parameters, namely, maximum, minimum and mean temperatures. Data from 1973 to 2020 were collected from weather stations located in three major cities in northern Cameroon: Ngaoundere and Garoua, from the weather stations of the Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar (ASECNA); and Maroua, from the weather station of the Cameroon Civil Aviation Authority (CCAA). The study reveals that in Ngaoundere, the minimum temperature increased by 8.7% between 1987 and 2020 compared to 1973-1986. In Garoua, the mean temperature increased by 2.2% between 2003 and 2020 compared to 1973-2002, the minimum temperature increased by 13.3% between 1985 and 2020 compared to 1973-1984, and the maximum temperature decreased by -8.2%. In Maroua, the mean temperature increased by 3.6% between 2002 and 2020 compared to 1973-2001, and the minimum temperature also increased by 17.8% between 1990 and 2020 compared to 1973-1989; however, the maximum temperature decreased by -6.8% between 1988 and 2020 compared to 1973-1987. The results of this study will be used as the basis for forecasting future agricultural conditions.

The northern zone of Cameroon, which depends mainly on agriculture, is considered one of the most vulnerable regions in the country to climate change. Few studies based on field data have examined the changes in climatic conditions that affect agriculture. This research focuses on fluctuations in precipitation that determine dry and wet seasons. From 1973 to 2020, data were collected from meteorological stations located in three major cities in northern Cameroon: Ngaoundere, Garoua and Maroua. Data were tested for homogeneity using the Pettitt and Buishand tests. Trends were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test, Sen's slope estimator and the regression line, while drought severity was assessed using the standardized rainfall index method. These data homogeneity tests were performed using two statistical tools, SPSS and XLSTA software. According to the Pettitt’s test, rainfall increased by 29.6% in Ngaoundere from 1997 to 2020, compared to the previous years of 1973–1996; in Garoua, rainfall increased by 36.2% from 1988 to 2020, compared to the previous years of 1973–1987. However, from 1973 to 2020, the average rainfall in Maroua remained stable around 716.5 mm, with a decreasing trend according to the Mann-Kendall test. In conclusion, this study shows that rainfall has increased significantly in the cities of Ngaoundere and Garoua, making these areas favorable for seasonal and market gardening. However, in Maroua, caution is advised, as rainfall is reportedly decreasing in this locality, increasing the risk of food insecurity. A credible climate alert system must be implemented on a broad scale to guide farmers.