Based on the current results, it seems that chronic inflammation in depressed patients correlates to the over expression of TRIF and MYD88 genes. Our results show a possible link between the reported increases of chronic inflammation in depressed individuals with unbalanced expression of genes that regulate immunity.

Mental disorders including depression and anxiety are the prevalent human diseases which are associated with several metabolic and non-metabolic diseases. Recent investigations demonstrated that the mental disorders can be considered as the potential inducers/stimulators of chronic inflammation. Based on the fact that chronic inflammation is a main cause of human diseases, hence, a hypothesis has been raised to explore the interaction between mental disorders and inflammation related metabolic diseases. Type 2 diabetes (T2D), as a complicated metabolic disorder, is associated with inflammation and also mental disorders. Accordingly, it has been hypothesized that depression and anxiety, as mental disorders may be the inducers/stimulators of inflammation in the patients suffering from T2D. This review article collected recent information regarding the roles of mental disorders on the chronic inflammation in the T2D patients.

Introduction: The patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) suffer from the malfunctions of the sexual behaviors, and several mechanisms have been proposed to describe these disorders. The innate immunity may be involved in the malfunctions of T2D patients. Melanoma differentiationassociated protein 5 (MDA5) and retinoic acid (RA)-inducible gene 1 (RIG-1), as the innate immunity receptors, are the responsible molecules for the activation of some intracellular signaling pathways and the induction of inflammation. Thus, this study aimed to examine the molecules which may participate in the induction/stimulation of sexual malfunctions in the female T2D patients. Methods: Sexual functions were evaluated in 41 female T2D patients using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to quantify MDA5 and RIG-1 mRNA levels. Results: Results showed that increased RIG-1 mRNA levels were significantly associated with the bad orgasm in the female T2D patients compared to the female patients with good orgasm. Expression of RIG-1 and MDA5 levels were not associated with other sexual functions' criteria. Conclusion:The findings of this study demonstrated that bad orgasm is associated with the increased RIG-1 expression. Consequently, the correlation between inflammation and bad orgasm in a RIG-1 dependent manner is suggested.