No abstract

ÖZÖtrofikasyon göl, haliç, rezervuar, kıyı alanları, yavaş hareket eden akarsular ya da Baltık Denizi gibi aşırı besin maddesi alan denizlerin yapısındaki su kütlelerinde meydana gelen ve plankterlerin aşırı büyümesi/artışını tetikleyen bir süreçtir. Ötrofikasyon kıyı alanlarda tür dağılımını ve ekosistem fonksiyonunu etkileyen bir çevre sorunudur ve özellikle iki ana besin maddesi (azot ve fosfor) bu süreci harekete geçirir. Ötrofikasyon etkilerini mikroskobik fitoplankterler, filamentli algler ve sucul bitkilerin çoğalması sonucu su ortamında berraklık azalması ile yansıtır. Ötrofikasyonun ileri aşamaları mavi-yeşil algleri (siyanobakteriler) içeren alg patlamaları ve balık stoklarında dramatik değişikliklerle sonuçlanır. Günümüzde ötrofikasyon durumu değerlendirilmeleri, ötrofikasyon izleme verilerine dayanır. Bu çalışmada, Dünya ve Türkiye'deki ötrofikasyon durumu ve senaryoları iklim değişikliği, kirleticiler, besin maddesi artışları gibi faktörler göz önünde tutularak genel çerçevede incelenmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Besi maddesi, çevre, ötrofikasyon, sucul ortam, su kirliliği EUTROPHICATION STATUS AND SCENARIOS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS ABSTRACTEutrophication is a process that occurs in the water columns such as lakes, estuaries, reservoirs, coastal areas, slow-moving rivers or the Baltic Sea that receive excess nutrients, triggering the overgrowth of plankton. Eutrophication is an environmental issue that affects species distribution and ecosystem function in coastal areas, and in particular the two main nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) are involved in this process. The effects of eutrophication are reflected by microscopic phytoplankton, filamentous algae and aquatic plants with a decrease in clarity in the water. Further stages of eutrophication result in algal bloom containing blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) and dramatic changes in fish stocks. Today, assessment of eutrophication status is based on eutrophication monitoring data. In this study, eutrophication situation and scenarios in the World and Turkey have been assessed in the general framework considering factors such as climate change, pollutants and nutrient increase.

In this study, music therapy and the effects of music on the humans and various living creatures were evaluated. This study discusses the less known effects of music on the animals as well as the known effects of the music on the humans. The study shows that the universal dimension of the music should be taken in to account regarding its effects not only between the humans but also including the animals. Besides the Chinese, Indian, Greek, Hebrew and old Turkish socities (which used the positive effects of music), the importance and the power of music have been realised throughout the world (Birkan, 2014: 37-38). Furthermore, in various researches it is reported that music helps reduce the stress therefore improve the productvity (Demir and Sağlamtimur, 2013: 49). In Turkish folklor and Middle Asia Turkish Culture, there are many narrativess, stories and tales based on the "Music-Animal" relationships for being an important factor for the animals, also reveals the importance of the music in Turkish society (Colombe, 2012: 11). From the humans to the land and underwater animals, wide ranging effects of music, which were derived from the existing literature and knowledge based on the experiments, have given rise to this study.