Pembangunan di segala lini sedang gencar dilakukan oleh pemerintah daerah demi kesejahteraan rakyat, termasuk di ruang lingkup Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Tidak hanya dalam bentuk monumental, seperti bangunan infrastruktur, namun juga membangun sumber daya manusia, seperti investasi di sektor pendidikan. Investasi pendidikan diharapkan mampu memutus rantai kemiskinan yang masih membelenggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan pendidikan dan kemiskinan di Sulawesi Selatan. Data yang digunakan adalah data 24 kabupaten/kota di Sulawesi Selatan tahun 2017-2019 yang dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan Random Effects Model (REM) dan hasilnya sebagai berikut. Variabel Angka Partisipasi Kasar (APK) SLTA sederajat dan Angka Melek Huruf (AMH) memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Sulawesi Selatan. Sedangkan variabel Angka Partisipasi Murni (APM) SLTA sederajat memiliki pengaruh negatif tetapi tidak signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan di Sulawesi Selatan. Pemerintah diharapkan dapat melanjutkan kebijakan di sektor pendidikan yang telah berjalan dengan baik sehingga dapat memberikan kesempatan yang sama kepada penduduk untuk mengakses pendidikan.

The problem of poverty is a complex and multidimensional problem which covers various aspects in the human life, not least for local governments in the scope of West Java. The efforts to alleviate poverty must pay attention to the root problem of poverty itself. One of the strategic issues in the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan/ Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (RPJMD) 2018-2023 is poverty and employment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of poverty and employment in West Java in 2017-2018 with a case study in Purwakarta Regency. The data used are secondary data from district/municipality in West Java in the 2014-2017 period using panel data regression analysis with the Random Effects Model (REM) and the results are as follows. First, the Open Unemployment Rate/ Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) has a positive but not significant impact on poverty levels. Second, the number of workers in wholesale, retail, restaurant and hotel sectors has a negative and significant impact on poverty levels. Third, the number of casual workers in agricultural sector has a positive and significant impact on poverty levels.

This study attempts to verify the linkage between the characteristics of fishers and the welfare of fishery  household in Indonesia, which is explained by the surplus obtained by fishers. Based on the empirical results using multiple linear regression analysis, variables with significant impacts on improving the welfare of fishery household in Indonesia in both marine and inland open water fisheries are fishing gear, number of fishers, number of crew, salary, province, age, gender, education level, processed storage, transportation, and market target. Furthermore, the characteristics of fishers are divided into similarities and differences. Observed from the similarities, the main fishers play a prominent role to fulfill the daily needs of their families. Observed from the differences, fishers in marine fisheries prefer to use a boat with an inboard motor, prepare more funds, and require more crew members because they usually catch fish on long trips. On the other hand, fishers in inland open water fisheries prefer to use a boat without an inboard motor, prepare less funds, and require less crew members because they usually catch fish on short trips. The government needs to formulate effective, efficient, and targeted policies for the welfare of fishers. The findings suggest several policy recommendations related to the improvement of fishery household welfare in Indonesia, such as soft loan in the form of People’s Business Credit (KUR), storage facilities for a better supply chain, and revitalization of fish auction sites.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) considers sustainable economic development. One of the regulations arranged is the unfair trade that several activities will be eliminated in the future, including the fisheries subsidies. The objectives of this research are (1) understanding the general descriptions about fisheries subsidies in Indonesia and China; (2) how large the impacts of fisheries subsidies that are linked with the policies; and (3) the opinion whether the fisheries subsidies must be stopped or not. This research uses the literature studies from several sources and the supplementary data are also included to strengthen this study. Based on the result and discussion, the fuel subsidies are the largest fisheries subsidies in both Indonesia and China. Although the fuel subsidies are harmful and burden the government budget, the policy of subsidies is still needed, especially in the developing countries, including Indonesia. Those subsidies contribute the positive effects to the fisheries sector performance. On the other hand, eliminating fisheries subsidies, particularly the fuel subsidies, is expected to provide the negative impacts. For the policy, the government regulates the programs in the fisheries sector. There are two feasible schemes in the fisheries market in case talking about the fisheries subsidies with the aim of a trade policy tool and sustainability. The author does not agree if the fisheries subsidies stopped. The government must evaluate the subsidy policies that can be connected with the fisheries sector performance indicators and must still prepare state budget for fisheries subsidies, especially subsidies for small-scale household, such as fishers. The fisheries subsidies should be continued with applied terms and conditions, so the subsidies will be used wisely by the fisheries business actors and will be appropriately monitored by the government.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of local taxes and retributions on the economic growth in Indonesia. The data used are secondary data from provinces in Indonesia 2014-2017 using panel data regression with Random Effects Model (REM). The results are as follows, first, the local taxes has a negative and significant impact on the economic growth in Indonesia. Second, the retributions have a positive and significant effect on the economic growth in Indonesia. The government should evaluate and plan a good strategy for the next period so that the potential revenues of local taxes and retributions can increase economic growth gradually.