Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) treatment can be life saving in patients suffering from ductus dependent congenital heart defect. We analyzed the indications and side-effects of PGE1 therapy over a five-year period. The purpose of the study was also to examine whether a change in serum electrolyte levels could be detected. Forty-nine patients were treated with PGE1 during this period. PGE1 treatment was indicated by ductus dependent systemic circulation in 16 cases, ductus dependent pulmonary circulation in 17 cases, transposition of the great arteries in 13 cases and pulmonary hypertension (persistent fetal circulation) in three cases. As early side-effects of the treatment, fever occurred in 27/49 cases while apnoea was observed in 15 patients. In a one-week-old neonate with coarctation of the aorta grade III intraventricular hemorrhage developed. A mild decrease of sodium, potassium and chloride levels and a slight shift of pH levels toward metabolic alkalosis could be detected after one day and one week of PGE1 treatment. Because of these side-effects of PGE1 patients should be monitored in an intensive care unit. According to our observations electrolyte levels may exhibit a slight decrease; however, in the case of a short-term therapy extra salt supplementation is not necessary.
Pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis (PCH) in childhood is a rarity, characterised by the uncontrolled proliferation of pulmonary microvessels which may invade pulmonary, bronchial and vascular structures, resulting in diffuse alveolar haemorrhage, manifesting clinically in haemoptysis, dyspnoea and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension (PH). A 14-year-old boy with some particular features (pericardial effusion and thrombocytopenia) is presented and 14 paediatric/adolescent cases from the literature are surveyed. The diagnostic problems and difficulties are discussed, including the importance of imaging (high-resolution CT) and histopathological studies, with the aim of providing a clear-cut distinction of PCH from other conditions such as primary PH (PPH). The literature data can be regarded as ambiguous: both similarities and relatively sharp distinctions between PCH and PPH are to be found. New developments in the field of genetics are also discussed. The early coexistence of PCH and other (vascular) disorders and associations, involving focal or diffuse, disseminated forms is summarised briefly. Conclusion. The diagnosis of this progressive disorder may lead to effective therapy. Treatment possibilities include the rapidly evolving field of anti-angiogenic therapy, but at present lung transplantation is universally accepted as the final definitive treatment for pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis.
Összefoglaló. A SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés ritka gyermekkori szövődménye a sokszervi gyulladás, angol terminológiával paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS). Két vagy több szerv érintettségével járó, súlyos tünetekkel induló betegségről van szó, amelynek tünetei átfedést mutatnak a Kawasaki-betegséggel, a toxikus sokk szindrómával és a makrofágaktivációs szindrómával. A PIMS-betegek intenzív terápiás osztályon vagy intenzív terápiás háttérrel rendelkező intézményben kezelendők, ahol biztosítottak a kardiológiai ellátás feltételei is. A szükséges immunterápia a klinikai prezentációtól függ. A jelen közleményben a szerzők a releváns nemzetközi irodalom áttekintését követően ajánlást tesznek a PIMS diagnosztikai és terápiás algoritmusára. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(17): 652–667. Summary. Pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) is a rare complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. PIMS is a severe condition, involving two or more organ systems. The symptoms overlap with Kawasaki disease, toxic shock syndrome and macrophage activation syndrome. PIMS patients should be treated in an intensive care unit or in an institution with an intensive care background, where cardiological care is also provided. The required specific immunotherapy depends on the clinical presentation. In this paper, after reviewing the relevant international literature, the authors make a recommendation for the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for PIMS. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(17): 652–667.
Összefoglaló. Újabb megfigyelések szerint a SARS-CoV-2-fertőzést követően gyermekekben a paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS) elnevezésű, sokkállapottal szövődött Kawasaki-megbetegedéshez hasonlító, többszervi elégtelenségnek megfelelő tünetegyüttes alakulhat ki. A gyermekek többségében ilyenkor a direkt víruskimutatás már sikertelen, azonban a SARS-CoV-2 ellen képződött antitest igazolhatja a diagnózist. Dolgozatunk célja az egyik első hazai eset ismertetése. Egy 15 éves fiú került gyermek intenzív osztályos felvételre több napon át észlelt magas láz, kesztyű-, zokniszerű exanthema, conjunctivitis, többszervi elégtelenség, szeptikus sokk tüneteivel, akut gyulladásra utaló laboratóriumi eltérésekkel és diffúz hasi panaszokkal. Felvételét megelőzően néhány héttel SARS-CoV-2-fertőzésen esett át. Felvételekor a direkt víruskimutatás sikertelen volt, ám a SARS-CoV-2 elleni antitest vizsgálata pozitív lett. Komplex intenzív terápia mellett állapota stabilizálódott. Az irodalmi ajánlásoknak megfelelően immunglobulin-, acetilszalicilsav- és szteroidkezelésben részesítettük, melynek hatására állapota maradványtünetek nélkül rendeződött. A növekvő esetszámú gyermekkori SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés mellett egyre gyakrabban várható a SARS-CoV-2-fertőzést követő, a Kawasaki-betegség tüneteire emlékeztető PIMS kialakulása. Gyermekekben súlyos szeptikus állapot és többszervi elégtelenség esetén gondolni kell a PIMS lehetőségére, mely esetenként intenzív osztályos ellátást és célzott terápiát igényel. Legjobb tudomásunk szerint a leírásra került beteg a Magyarországon diagnosztizált egyik legkorábbi eset. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(16): 602–607. Summary. Recently following SARS-CoV-2 infection, a new, multisystem disease (paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome, PIMS) with fever was recognized in children with shock and multiorgan failure. On of the first Hungarian cases will be described. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit with persistent high fever, diffuse abdominal pain, septic shock, multiple organ failure, gloves- and socks-shaped cutan exanthema, conjunctivitis and laboratory signs of inflammation. Some weeks preceding his admission, symptoms of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection were revealed. At admission, the SARS-CoV-2 PCR and antigen tests were negative, however, the presence of IgG antibody was shown. Following complex supportive intensive care along with internationally recommended immunoglobulin, aspirin and steroid treatment, the patient was completely cured without any sequalae. In children after SARS-CoV-2 infection, PIMS could occur mimicking Kawasaki syndrome. At this time, in children virus PCR or antigen tests are usually negative already, but the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody could prove the preceding disease. Due to the increasing number of SARS-CoV-2 infections, the occurrence of post-SARS-CoV-2 PIMS in childhood is expected to increase. For paediatric patients, in case of severe septic state and multiple organ failure, PIMS should be also considered, which may require intensive care and targeted therapy. As far as we know, the described case is one of the earliest cases of PIMS in Hungary. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(16): 602–607.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.