HIV/AIDS disproportionately affects young women of color. Young women who use hormonal contraception are less likely to use condoms. Brief, inexpensive HIV-prevention interventions are needed for high-volume clinics. This study was a randomized clinical trial of two interventions: (a) a video made for this study and (b) an adaptation of Project RESPECT counseling. Four hundred Black and Latina teenage women completed a questionnaire about their sexual behaviors and were randomly assigned to (a) see the video, (b) get counseling, (c) see the video and get counseling, or (d) receive usual care. At 3-month follow-up, those who saw the video and received counseling were 2.5 times more likely to have used a condom at last intercourse with their main partner than teens in the usual care group. These differences did not persist at 12-month follow-up. This suggests that a brief intervention can positively affect condom use in the short term.

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Objectives To describe: a. the prevalence and individual and network characteristics of group sex events (GSE) and GSE attendees; and b. HIV/STI discordance among respondents who said they went to a GSE together. Methods and Design In a sociometric network study of risk partners (defined as sexual partners, persons with whom respondents attended a GSE, or drug-injection partners) in Brooklyn, NY, we recruited a high-risk sample of 465 adults. Respondents reported on GSE attendance, the characteristics of GSEs, and their own and others’ behaviors at GSEs. Sera and urines were collected and STI prevalence was assayed. Results Of the 465 participants, 36% had attended a GSE in the last year, 26% had sex during the most recent of these GSEs, and 13% had unprotected sex there. Certain subgroups (hard drug users, men who have sex with men, women who have sex with women, and sex workers) were more likely to attend and more likely to engage in risk behaviors at these events. Among 90 GSE dyads in which at least one partner named the other as someone with whom they attended a GSE in the previous three months, STI/HIV discordance was common (HSV-2: 45% of dyads, HIV: 12% of dyads, Chlamydia: 21% of dyads). Many GSEs had 10 or more participants, and multiple partnerships at GSEs were common. High attendance rates at GSEs among members of large networks may increase community vulnerability to STI/HIV, particularly since network data show that almost all members of a large sociometric risk network either had sex with a GSE attendee or had sex with someone who had sex with a GSE attended. Conclusions Self-reported GSE attendance and participation was common among this high-risk sample. STI/HIV discordance among GSE attendees was high, highlighting the potential transmission risk associated with GSEs. Research on sexual behaviors should incorporate measures of GSE behaviors as standard research protocol. Interventions should be developed to reduce transmission at GSEs.

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Anal intercourse (AI) is a recognized HIV risk behavior, yet little is known about AI among female adolescents. We studied the prevalence and correlates of heterosexual AI (HAI) among Black and Latina female adolescents. The data come from two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of HIVprevention interventions with Black and Latina female adolescents. In the second RCT, a Sexual Relationship Power (SRP) Scale was added to the questionnaire. Thirty-five percent of participants in the first RCT (N = 244) and 23% of those in the second RCT (N = 101) reported engaging in HAI, most without a condom. Significant correlations existed between HAI and a high-risk sexual history. HAI is prevalent in this population. Nurses must educate adolescent female patients about risks associated with HAI. Keywords adolescent; anal intercourse; Black; female; HIV prevention; Latina; sexual relationship power Women represent a growing proportion of HIV and AIDS cases in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2008). Twenty-seven percent of those with HIV are female, and 80% of infected women are Black or Latina (CDC, 2008); yet much is unknown about how women become infected with HIV. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) delineates heterosexual transmission as the mechanism most responsible for HIVtransmission among women, accounting for 85% of HIV cases among women (CDC, 2008). But the behaviors which constitute heterosexual transmission are not specified; the CDC simply defines it as "heterosexual contact with a person known to have or be at high risk for HIV" (CDC, 2009, p.7).© 2009 Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.The authors report no real or perceived vested interests that relate to this article (including relationships with pharmaceutical companies, biomedical device manufacturers, grantors, or other entities whose products or services are related to topics covered in this manuscript) that could be construed as a conflict of interest. NIH Public AccessAuthor Manuscript J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 July 1. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author ManuscriptMost prevention research appears to assume that the transmission mechanism is penile-vaginal intercourse (PVI; Halpern-Felsher, 2008), but evidence indicates that receptive anal intercourse (RAI), which carries the highest risk for transmission of HIV (Halperin, 1999;Jaffe, Seehaus, Wagner, & Leadbeater, 1988), is prevalent among y...