To enrich the limited and recent work in existence on relational phenomena in the consumer-brand domain, the authors focus on the concept of brand trust. The non-existence of a wider accepted measure of this concept is surprising given that: (1) trust is viewed as the cornerstone and one of the most desired qualities in a relationship; and (2) it is the most important attribute a brand can own. In this context, this research reports the results of a multi-step study to develop and validate a multidimensional brand trust scale drawn from the conceptualisation of trust in other academic fields. Multi-step psychometric tests demonstrate that the new brand trust scale is reliable and valid. Both theoretical and managerial implications are presented.

The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) (Garnefski, et al., 2001) is a 36-item instrument for measuring cognitive strategies of emotional regulation. There is a brief, 18-item version that measures the same nine strategies as the full version (Garnefski and Kraaij, 2006a). The aim of this study was to develop a brief form of the CERQ, taking into account two different proposals: a 27-item and an 18-item instrument, the latter focusing solely on the assessment of the two general factors obtained in the second-order structure of the original CERQ model and identified in previous studies as adaptive strategies and less adaptive strategies. Participants in the study were 872 individuals aged 18-58 (mean 33.86, SD=8.43). The confirmatory factor analyses yield adequate overall indices in both versions, together with satisfactory validity. In the discussion, it is argued that the 27-item version is more appropriate for the specific rating of the nine regulation strategies people employ, and we propose the 18-item version as a suitable instrument in clinical context for an overall rating of an individual’s cognitive emotion regulation profile, furthermore, the criterion validity with depression and anxiety keeps similar to the larger versions.

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Evolution of 02 by illuminated intact detached leaves from barley (Hordwum vulgare L. cv Athos) and pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Lincoln) in a C02-saturating atmosphere was enhanced when KNO (1-2.5 millimolar) had been previously supplied through the transpiration stream. The extra 02 evolution observed after feeding KNO increased with the light intensity, being maximal at near saturating photon flux densities and resulting in no changes in the initial slope of the 02 vers light-intensity curve. No stimulation of 02 evolution was otherwise observed after feeding KCI or NH4CI. The data indicate that nitrate assimilation uses photosynthetically generated reductant and stimulates the rate of noncyclic electron flow by acting as a second electron-accepting assimilatory process in addition to CO2 fixation.Nitrate is the primary nitrogen source for green cells. In plant leaves, nitrate-N is reduced to ammonium through the sequencial operation ofNAD(P)H-nitrate reductase (NR) and ferredoxin-nitrite reductase (NiR), the resulting ammonium being incorporated to carbon skeletons via the glutamine synthetase (GS)-glutamate synthase (GOGAT) cycle (1, 9, 1 1), according to the reactions: MATERIALS AND METHODSBarley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare cv "Athos") and pea (Pisum sativum cv "Lincoln") were grown on vermiculite beds supplied daily with nutrient solution containing 10 mm nitrate as the nitrogen source (6), at 26C and 65% RH during the photoperiod (370 gE m-2 s-' PPFD, 12 h) and at 20TC during darkness.Salt solutions were fed to the detached leaves through the transpiration stream. Barley leaves of about 12 cm length (from 1-week-old seedlings), with their cut end immersed in distilled water or the different salt solutions were placed in a temperature controlled chamber with a glass window of 3.5 cm diameter to provide illumination perpendicular to the leaf surface. Transpiration, induced by illumination (370 ,E m-2 s-' PPFD) under a continuous flow of humidified air (100 mL min-') at 25TC, was monitored by a RH and temperature sensor (Vaisala)