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OBJECTIVE:Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium and one of the reasons for gastritis, peptic and duodenal ulcers. It is a crucial public health problem for both children and adults, especially in developing countries. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori positivity in children and to compare with updated Sydney classification criteria. METHODS:This study was conducted from January 2015 to June 2017. This study included 885 children aged 0-17 year(s). Endoscopic biopsies were evaluated for the diagnosis of infection due to H. pylori. RESULTS:The findings showed that 418 (47.2%) of 885 children were positive for H. pylori, and this positivity had a significantly increasing correlation with the presence of chronic inflammation, neutrophilic activity, lymphoid aggregates, and follicles. Erythematous pangastritis and antral nodularity on endoscopic findings had a correlation with H. pylori positivity. CONCLUSION:In this hospital-based study, the findings suggest that H. pylori infection is a problem for children and more extensive studies are needed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori positivity among children.

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Introduction. Pathology plays a major role in the management of patients. Specimen delivery to a pathology laboratory is the first step in the process. Sending materials to the pathology laboratory should be included as part of residency training. The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and daily practice of residents who send materials to pathology laboratory. Methods. A 34-item questionnaire asking questions about biopsy/resection and cytology material handling and transportation was answered by 154 residents. Likert scaling and multiple-choice questions with a single answer were used to evaluate the responses. Their daily routines and levels of knowledge were statistically analyzed. Results. The mean age of the respondents was 29.1 ± 3.04 (range: 24-42 years), and 63% of the residents were male. The residents of the university hospital claimed that the clinical information they had learned about transferring material to the pathology laboratory was “sufficient” or “very sufficient” (statistically significant, P = .04). Correct answers about the process of sending biopsy/resection materials of experienced residents were statistically higher, while there was no statistical significance for questions about cytology materials ( P = .005, P = .24, respectively). Conclusion. The pathway to correct diagnosis builds on an understanding of the significance of pathology material. In residency training, knowledge about delivering biopsy/resection material to pathology laboratory is mostly acquired through experience. Experienced residents seem to be less familiar with cytology materials. Clinicopathological meetings may solve the main problems, but both clinics and pathology departments need to emphasize this process.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a biphasic low-grade malignant tumor, which represents approximately 1% of all salivary gland tumors. This tumor occurs mostly in the parotid gland, followed by submandibular gland and minor salivary glands. Women, mostly fifth to the eighth decade of life, are commonly affected. Histopathologically, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is composed of an inner single layer of eosinophilic cuboidal ductal cells and outer single or multiple layers of clear myoepithelial cells. We present a case of a 69 years old man who had a scar on lower the lip for 10 years and voice annoyance for three months. The biopsy for lower lip was reported "infiltrative clear cell epithelioid neoplasm" and vocal cord biopsy result was "verrucous carcinoma". After cordectomy and wedge resection of the lower lip, histopathology revealed Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma for the lower lip and microinvasive verrucous carcinoma for the left vocal cord. Our case has a very uncommon location and presentation for EMC. The tumor location was minor salivary glands of the lower lip and the clinical presentation was quite different. Coexistence with microinvasive verrucous carcinoma of the vocal cord is the other unique part of our case.