BackgroundEarly onset peritonitis (EOP) is not uncommon in peritoneal dialysis patients. We aimed to compare the prognosis of EOP and non-EOP peritoneal dialysis patients.MethodsThis study included subjects that underwent PD from January 1, 2004 to July 31, 2013. Patient characteristics were collected. EOP was defined as peritonitis occurring within 6 months after initiation of PD. Patient and technique survival were compared between EOP and non-EOP patients using Cox regression analyses.ResultsIn total, 189 subjects were included in this study. Patients were divided into EOP (n = 55) and non-EOP groups (n = 134). There was no significant difference in the causative organisms of peritonitis between the two groups. After adjusting for age, diabetes status, serum albumin level and residual renal function, the multivariable Cox regression model revealed that EOP was an independent risk factor for patient mortality (HR 2.03, RI 1.09–3.80, p = 0.026), technique failure (HR 1.69, RI 1.12–2.87, p = 0.015) and total survival (HR 1.73, RI 1.12–2.68, p = 0.013).ConclusionsEOP was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality and technique failure in peritoneal dialysis patients.

KeywordsAtherosclerosis · Micro-inflammation · Peritoneal dialysis · Soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis Abstract Background/Aims: This study aimed to investigate the level of soluble tumor necrosis factorlike weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and its correlation with micro-inflammation and atherosclerosis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: This retrospective study involved 23 healthy subjects (control group), 23 hemodialysis (HD) patients (HD group) and 26 PD patients (PD group). Serum biochemical measurements and sTWEAK assessments were tested. The association between intima-media thickness (IMT) and sTWEAK concentrations was evaluated. Results: The TWEAK level was lower in PD (155.16 ± 3.69 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and the HD group (150.16 ± 7.23 pg/mL, p < 0.001) than that in the control group (193.05 ± 5.36 pg/mL), with no significant difference between the PD group and the HD group. In the PD and HD groups, sTWEAK was significant negatively correlated with CPR, fibrinogen, and white blood cell (p < 0.05). Besides, compared to lower sTWEAK concentration end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (no > 161.9 pg/mL), patients who had a higher level of sTWEAK (> 161.9 pg/mL) had a lower IMT (0.97 ± 0.04 vs. 0.84 ± 0.03 cm, p = 0.029). After adjusted for sex, age, hypertension, diabetes, duration of dialysis, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and serum glucose, sTWEAK (B = -0.002, r = 0.015) and CRP (B = 0.022, r = 0.015) were independent risk factors for the IMT of ESRD patients. Conclusion: Plasma TWEAK is inversely associated with carotid IMT among patients undergoing HD and PD.