A B S T R A C T The regulation of aldosterone secretion in anephric man was investigated in studies on nephrectomized patients who were being intermittently hemodialyzed while awaiting renal transplantation. The effects of supine and upright posture on the concentration of plasma aldosterone on the 1st day postdialysis and on a 3rd or 4th day postdialysis were compared to the effects of postural variation in normal subjects who were on a low sodium intake and on a high sodium intake. In contrast with the normal subjects who exhibited higher concentrations of plasma aldosterone after 2 hr of upright posture than in the supine position and low concentrations of plasma aldosterone on a high sodium intake, the anephric patients showed less consistent variations in plasma aldosterone due to changes in posture and exhibited higher concentrations of plasma aldosterone on the 3rd or 4th day postdialysis, despite an increase in body weight, than on the 1st day postdialysis.The increase in the concentration of plasma aldosterone in the anephric patients between the 1st day postdialysis and the 3rd or 4th day postdialysis indicates that aldosterone secretion is not responding primarily, in this situation, to volume-related stimuli.There was a high degree of correlation between the concentration of plasma aldosterone and the corresponding levels of serum potassium concentration, which also rose significantly between the 1st day postdialysis and the 3rd or 4th day postdialysis. Furthermore, when poParts of this work were presented at the 3rd Annual
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a key hormone in the regulation of follicular development. Although the existence of FSH heterogeneity is well established, the physiological significance of this pleomorphism remains unknown. Observed changes in circulating FSH heterogeneity during critical reproductive events such as puberty and reproductive cyclicity suggest that different combinations of FSH isoforms reach the target sites during different physiological states to influence a variety of biological end points such as cellular growth, development, steroidogenesis and protein synthesis. Considering that these FSH isoforms have different physicochemical properties and potential to bind not only their cognate receptors but also structurally related, non-FSH receptors with various affirdties, the regulatory implications of FSH heterogeneity in modulating the various FSH-induced functions are enormous. However, assigning functional significance to FSH heterogeneity has been hampered because of (1) difficulties associated with procurement of highly purified, naturally occurring, circulating FSH isoforms; (2) absence of reference standards that contain the entire repertoire of FSH isoforms present in biological fluids; and (3) specificity issues inherent to the detection systems used. If particular FSH isoforms do possess selective biological functions, specific combinations of FSH isoforms could be generated to regulate fertility in farm animals and humans.
A tissue culture study was undertaken to determine if human non-functioning pituitary tumours secrete polypeptide anterior pituitary hormones in vitro and to study the spectrum of hormone release by functioning pituitary neoplasms. Fragments from 48 human pituitary tumours (from patients -2 with Cushing's disease, 1 with Nelson's syndrome, 5 with amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea, 10 with acromegaly and 30 with non-functioning pituitary tumours) and three normal human anterior pituitary glands (controls) were placed in tissue culture immediately after surgery. The in vitro release of human growth hormone (HGH), prolactin (Prl), thyrotrophin (TSH), adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured by radioimmunoassays at the end of one week in culture. Clinical and pathological data were compared to hormone release patterns.
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