Safety issue is main obstacle for commercialization of high energy density lithium-ion battery. Thermal runaway is the most crucial problem in battery safety research. In order to solve safety problem, a lot of efforts have been made in the research of battery thermal runaway mechanism, thermal stability test, simulation and modeling. Herein, this article provides a review on chemical reaction of thermal runaway and the development of thermal simulation research on lithium battery. Thermal runaway are mainly divided into four types according to reaction mechanism, having different heat-generating behaviors. Researchers can reduce the cost and time of experiments through modelling of lithium-ion batteries, analyze the key factors of the thermal runaway during charge/discharge process, and improve the structural design and safety of the batteries. Finally, the review prospects the further development of nextgeneration lithiumion batteries.

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