BackgroundAdolescent communication with parents is paramount to reduce sexual health problems. Currently, there is a shortage of information on adolescent-parent communication in Ethiopia in general and study area in particular. Thus, this study is intended to determine adolescent-parent communication on sexual and reproductive health issues and its factors among secondary and preparatory school adolescents in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia.MethodsWe used institution based cross-sectional study design. We stratified schools into urban and semi-urban settings. Then, a total of 8 schools were randomly selected from the strata. The sample size was allocated for each stratum. Finally, participants were randomly selected from separate sampling frames prepared for each stratum. We developed structured questionnaire from related literatures to collect data on adolescent-parent communication and its factors. We cleaned and entered data using EPI info version 3.5.3 and exported to SPSS version 20 for descriptive and logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe proportion of adolescents who had communicated with their parents was 144 (35.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicates that participants’ knowledge about availability of adolescent and youth friendly sexual and reproductive health services at health facilities [AOR: 0.40, 95% CI: (0.26, 0.62),P-value = 0.001], utilization of adolescent and youth friendly sexual and reproductive health services [AOR: 0.46, 95% CI: (0.29, 0.72),P-value = 0.001] and respondents’ educational status: being grade 9, [AOR: 3.21, (95% CI: ((1.16, 8.89), P-value = 0.025] and grade 11; [AOR: 2.96, (95% CI: (1.06, 8.30),P- value =0.039] were statistically associated factors affecting adolescents for not communicating with parents on sexual and reproductive health issues.ConclusionThe findings of our study imply that adolescents were not communicating much with parents about sexual and reproductive health issues even though they were aware of adolescent and youth friendly sexual and reproductive health services. In addition, promotion of service availability may be important to motivate adolescents to communicate with parents. Contextual and age dependent communication barriers should be further identified. Further research is needed in the area to identify barriers particularly from parent side.

Background: Adolescents (10-19 years) represent 20 % of the world’s population. In Ethiopia they account for 20-26% of the general population. With adequate dietary diversity, this period is a window of opportunity to break intergenerational cycle of malnutrition. However, there is scarcity of data on the status of dietary diversity in this segments of the population. Methods: A community based cross sectional study design was employed from May 21-June 20, 2019. Cluster sampling technique was used to collect data from 451 households with adolescent girls. Data was entered in to Epi-Data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis were performed. Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR), along with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 434 households with adolescent girls were involved in the study. We found that 41.7% of households were food insecure, only 57.8%, (C.I.53.5-62.2) of adolescent girls consumed diversified diet, with the mean dietary diversity score of 5.38 (SD=1.75). After adjusting for others, occupational status of the adolescents’ father, (AOR= 0.56, 95% C.I. 0.32-0.99 and AOR=0.26, 95% C.I. 0.17-0.47), exposure to televised media (AOR=3.36, 95% C.I. =1.55-7. 3) and household food security status (AOR=5.09, 95% C.I. =3.2-8.08) were significant predictors of dietary diversity among adolescent girls. Conclusion: Significant portion of households were food insecure; practicing ranges of coping strategies which further compromised dietary diversity of adolescent girls. Poor dietary diversity adversely affects micronutrient reserves of to-be a-mother girls; the vicious cycles of malnutrition continues its far fetching effect. Given that adolescence is the second period in life with rapid growth and development, improving dietary status of this sensitive segments of the population are to be an agenda of all concerned bodies.

Background Globally there are 1.8 billion adolescents, comprised of 10-19 years old, represent approximately 20% of the world’s population. In Ethiopia this group represents 20-26% of general population. Despite the fact that this period is a window of opportunity to break intergenerational cycle of malnutrition, macro and micronutrient deficiencies are among leading health problems in this vulnerable age groups. Moreover, there is scarcity of data on the status of dietary diversity in this segments of the population.Methods a community based cross sectional study design was employed from May 21-June 20, 2019. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used for data collection using cluster sampling technique to approach 451 households with adolescent girls. Data was entered in to Epi-Data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis were performed. Adjusted Odd Ratios (AOR), along with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used and the level of statistical significance was declared at a p-value of <0.05.Results a total of 434 households with adolescent girls were involved in the study. We found that 41.7% of households were food insecure, only 57.8%, (C.I.53.5-62.2) of adolescent girls consumed diversified diet, with the mean DDS of 5.38 (SD=1.75). After adjusting for potential confounders, occupational status of the adolescents’ father, (AOR= 0.56, 95% C.I. 0.32-0.99 and AOR=0.26, 95% C.I. 0.17-0.47), exposure to televised media (AOR=3.36, 95% C.I. =1.55-7. 3) and household food security status (AOR=5.09, 95% C.I. =3.2-8.08) were significant predictors of dietary diversity among adolescent girls.Conclusion Significant portion of households were food insecure; practicing ranges of coping strategies which further compromised dietary diversity of adolescent girls. Poor dietary diversity adversely affects micronutrient reserves of to-be a-mother girls; the vicious cycles of malnutrition continues its far fetching effect. Given that adolescence is the second period in life with rapid growth and development, improving dietary status of this sensitive segments of the population are to be an agenda of all concerned bodies.

Backgrounds Micronutrient deficits in women of reproductive age have been linked to poor pregnancy outcomes. The most common micronutrient deficits in women are iron and folate. The World Health Organization recommends daily oral iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS) as part of routine antenatal care to lower the risk of maternal anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the effectiveness of the supplementation relies on client’s strict adherence. The aim of this study was to determine time- to- non-adherence to IFAS and associated factors among pregnant women in Hosanna Town, South Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross sectional study design was employed from May 15-June11, 2021. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. The Cox regression hazard model was applied. The threshold of statistical significance was declared at a p-value <0.05 and adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to report. Result The median time-to-non-adherence was 74 days (95 percent CI: 65.33–82.67). After adjusting for the confounders, age (AHR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.09), education status (AHR = 2.43 95%CI 1.34–4.40, AHR 3.00, 95% CI: 2.09–4.31, AHR 1.91, 95% CI: 1.32–2.77), household’s wealth index (AHR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.19–2.51, AHR = 1.64, 95% CI:1.15–2.35), and counseling at service delivery (AHR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.88–3.41) were independent predictors of time to non-adherence to IFAS among pregnant women. Conclusion The median time to non-adherence was short and women became non-adherent before the recommended duration. Improving women’s education and counseling pregnant women on IFAS during pregnancy would make a change.

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