Introduction Numerous efforts in natural product drug development are reported for the treatment of Coronavirus. Based on the literature, among these natural plants Artemisia annua L. shows some promise for the treatment of SARS‐CoV‐2. Objective The main objective of our study was to determine artemisinin content by liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS), to investigate the in vitro biological activity of artemisinin from the A. annua plants grown in Turkey with various extracted methods, to elaborate in silico activity against SARS‐CoV‐2 using molecular modelling. Methodology Twenty‐one different extractions were applied. Direct and sequential extractions studies were compared with ultrasonic assisted maceration, Soxhlet, and ultra‐rapid determined artemisinin active molecules by LC‐ESI‐MS/MS methods. The inhibition of spike protein and main protease (3CL) enzyme activity of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus was assessed by time resolved fluorescence energy transfer (TR‐FRET) assay. Results Artemisinin content in the range 0.062–0.066%. Artemisinin showed significant inhibition of 3CL protease activity but not Spike/ACE‐2 binding. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) of artemisinin against SARS‐CoV‐2 Spike pseudovirus was found greater than 50 μM (EC45) in HEK293T cell line whereas the cell viability was 94% of the control (P < 0.01). The immunosuppressive effects of artemisinin on TNF‐α production on both pseudovirus and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced THP‐1 cells were found significant in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion Further studies of these extracts for COVID‐19 treatment will shed light to seek alternative treatment options. Moreover, these natural extracts can be used as an additional treatment option with medicines, as well as prophylactic use can be very beneficial for patients.

Türkiye’de Akdeniz florasında yaygın olarak bulunan, tıbbi ve aromatik bir bitki olan Myrtus communis L. (Mersin) günümüzde çeşitli fitoterapötik uygulamalarda sıklıkla karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Myrtus communis L. bitkisinin meyvelerinden ekstraksiyon yöntemiyle elde edilen sabit yağların verimleri hesaplanmış ve kimyasal kompozisyonu gaz kromotografisi-kütle spektroskopisi (GC-MS) ile tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek sabit yağ verimi %5.43 olarak Bursa iline ait örneklerden elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarında yağ kompozisyonu içerisinde 11 farklı bileşen tespit edilmiştir. Tüm bölgelerde en fazla bulunan yağ asitleri sırasıyla %73.97-68.96 linoleik asit (C18:2), %16.60-12.04 oleik asit (C18:1) ve %8.86-8.51 palmitik asittir (C16:0). Bu çalışmanın sonuçları Myrtus communis L. meyvesinin zengin fitokimyasal içeriği ve yüksek besleyici özelliği sayesinde gıda, tıp ve birçok farklı alanda kullanılabilirliğini ortaya koymuştur.

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