There is limited research about the relationship between market structure and profitability in the insurance industry, especially in the Islamic insurance industry. This study examines the relationship among market structure and profitability in Islamic life insurance industry in Indonesia. This research used regression with panel data for the technique of analysis. The model used in this research was the fixed effect model. The result shows that the market structure affected the profitability of Islamic life insurance industry. This result implies that the traditional hypothesis supports the performance of Islamic life insurance industry in Indonesia. However, this research shows that there is no collusive behavior in Islamic life insurance industry in Indonesia. Meanwhile, for control variables, operational efficiency has an adverse effect on the performance of Islamic life insurance industry in Indonesia.

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