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This article examines how shifting local attitudes and migration management policies from an emphasis on care and liberation to temporality and criminalisation shape the migration and integration experience of unaccompanied minors (UAMs) in Greece. To address this issue, the study relies on three discourses: voluntary vs. involuntary migration; child protection vs. child liberation; and minors as a potential resource vs. a security threat. Through analysis of testimonies and semi-structured interviews, we found that the state's interpretation of the 'best interests' principle disregards both the needs of UAMs and their rights for protection and ethical care. We argue that the performativity of UAMs as voluntary migrants leaves many of them exposed to violence and abuse by both state (e.g. police, welfare services, migration officials) and non-state (NGO workers) actors. These actors push the minors to 'invisibility', which in turn increases their vulnerability to illegal and criminal activities, such that they often become engaged in or lured into the vicious cycle of criminal gangs, smuggling, trafficking, sexual exploitation and kidnapping.

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Over the past few years, Palestinian children in Occupied East Jerusalem (OEJ) have faced high rates of arrest. The article examines violence against children during arrest by juxtaposing state official documents recording debates and analyses of children's rights with published reports by human rights and civil society organizations. The article suggests that arrested children in OEJ suffer from three intersecting discriminatory regimes: structural discrimination that targets them as criminals based on their ethnicity; a lack of assistance as they fall under the responsibility of neither the Palestinian nor the Israeli socio-legal systems; and limited access to welfare, justice, and educational opportunities. The article concludes by suggesting that Palestinian children face severe structural violence that amounts to state-hate criminality.