L’évolution des Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (TIC) est étroitement liée, d’un côté à leurs usages et leurs appropriations par les acteurs humains, d’un autre côté au périmètre fonctionnel qu’elles couvrent et à la performance technique qu’elles réalisent au sein des organisations. Mais cette vision tridimensionnelle est relativement récente. Elle est le fruit de recherches ayant mis en relief le surdimensionnement de la dimension technologique au détriment des deux autres : humaine et fonctionnelle. Notre article présente l’évolution des TIC à travers une approche tridimensionnelle en essayant d’expliciter les paradigmes ayant servi à construire cette démarche. Tout en appréhendant les apports de l’évolution des TIC sous plusieurs angles, nous relevons l’importance de nouveaux questionnements tels que la dimension « verte » des TIC.

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In all sectors of activity, knowledge is the most important strategic lever in the organizations’ management. The informational practices induced by Web technologies and data exploitation are accompanied by a paradigm that disrupts the process of sharing and communicating information in organization. Knowledge generated by human and social activities broadens the scope of knowledge management systems. New forms of technologies are changing system’s design approaches. It is on these evolving aspects of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) that we will highlight the different challenges faced by organizations. In reviewing the literature on ICTs, several researches work highlight the importance of digital revolutions in the development of IS in general, and in particular Knowledge Management (KM) systems. In order to understand the evolution of KM Systems, we carry out the postulate that different angles of view have a positive correlation with our research perimeter: We identify that collaborative practices and decision-making approach are positively related to Knowledge Management systems’ design. The conceptual model links our hypothesis with the concept of knowledge management systems. We develop a conceptual model according to a review of literature in information science. Research finding can be used for designing Knowledge Management systems. Several actors can benefit from the repercussions on a pragmatic level. System designers can identify modern developments to provide more pragmatic applications. Decision-makers can identify how to harness Knowledge Management systems and also identify good practices in terms of collaborative approaches and decision-making processes.