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Introduction: Pregnancy is a rollercoaster ride for a woman. With joy and excitement, there are also times of stress, anxiety, and depression. This research aims to investigate the effect of anxiety, depression and stress on blood glucose levels in pregnant women. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 123 pregnant women were included using random sampling. DASS-21 questionnaire, a validated tool, was used to determine stress, anxiety and depression. Random Blood glucose levels of the study participants were measured. The Chi-square test was used, and p values were determined. Results: Among 123 females, 56.91% (n=70) were stressed, 78.86% (n=97) were depressed, and 84.55% (n=104) were anxious. Blood glucose level was significantly higher in stressed and depressed pregnant females (X2  = 12.77, P-value = 0.0004 and X2  =5.75  0.016, P-value: 0.016 respectively). Conclusion: Stressed and depressed pregnant women were found to have higher blood glucose levels. Anxiety didn’t significantly affect blood glucose levels in pregnant females.

Objective: To determine association of ABO blood groups with severity of COVID-19 symptoms among covid recovered patients of different blood type. Methodology: An observational/experimental study was conducted at department of physiology, Sindh university Jamshoro from April 2021 to December 2021.The sample size (n) was 732, data consist of male and female covid recovered participants of age group 18-30yrs. Self -structured questionnaire was used to evaluate intensity of symptoms of COVID 19 and for other characteristics such as gender and age. Blood was drawn for ABO blood typing. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS- 21.Results:  Seven hundred thirty two was the total study population of   COVID-19 recovered patients, out of which male population was 489 (66.9%) and female population was 243 (33.1%).The  results reports that there is statistically significant association present between the A +ve blood type and susceptibility of COVID-19 infection, whereas AB +ve and A +ve shown higher percentage of severe infection. Blood group B +ve with (48%) with less severe symptoms. O +ve people shown mild symptoms that is 60% of entire O+ve population and 30% are presented with severe symptoms.Conclusion: This study suggests that A +ve blood group is susceptible blood type with high chances to get infection. People having   A +ve and AB +ve blood types are more susceptible towards severe COVID 19 infection in comparison to other blood types, O +ve blood shown rather protective effect.

Background: The anemia is the one of the biggest burden of diseases worldwide, peculiarly in developing world, it is more commonly found in women as compared to men. The anthropometric indicators like BMI, waist circumference or waist to hip ratio has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes, blood pressure and cholesterol profile. The current literature survey reveals that BMI could be the possible anemic indictor, however a comprehensive study pinpointing on anemia and its anthropometric indicators is not available yet, especially in young girls. The present work thus focuses on whether the anthropometric indicators could be the potential indicators of anemia or not. Methodology: A case control was performed through a random sampling method for the time period of (04) four months. The sample comprised of 86 females. The complete blood count (CBC) was measured in aseptic condition. Anthropometric indices were measured and analyzed statistically. Results: Weight, waist circumference (WC), BMI (Body mass index), WHR (waist to hip ratio) and WHtR (Waist to height ratio) were observed significantly reduced (P=0.06, P=0.006, P= 0.02, P= 0.007, P= 0.0007) in anemic (50.86kg ± 12.9, 71.13cm ±16.49, 20.85Kg/m 2 ± 5.16, 0.77 ± 0.05, 0.44±0.07) as compared to non anemic females (53.65kg ± 8.43, 92.18cm ± 11.16, 23.40 Kg/m 2 ± 3.49, 0.83 ± 0.16, 0.49 ± 0.06). Conclusion: The anthropometric indices were observed significantly decreased in anemic as compared to non-anemic.

Objective: To evaluate the factors leading to the early onset of menopause (<40 years) in the women in the interior of Sindh. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 218 individuals among them 109 were postmenopausal women (with premature menopause)  and 109 were normal menstruating females during the period of six months from November 2014 to April  2015, data was obtained from Interior Sindh, Larkana, Hyderabad, and Benazirabad.  Factors considered were age, number of children, history of the obstetric process (ovarian and uterine), diseases, and premature menopause history in first-cousin marriages. The questionnaire data and blood samples were collected for hormonal assays such as LH,  prolactin, and FSH. The hormone levels were analyzed by ELISA method, SPSS version 17 was used for data analysis. Results:  Out of 109 subjects the percentage of early menopause due to: anorexia nervosa was 17%, brain tumor 7%, ovarian cancer 6%, hormonal disorders 23%, hysterectomy 15%, oophorectomy 5%, Pituitary gland dysfunction 4%, Sheehan Syndrome 24%, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) 8%. Conclusion: Early menopause was found related to pathological and psychological factors including brain tumor, ovarian cancer, family history, Anorexia nervosa, and certain surgical interventions.