The present findings clearly indicate that high concentrations of propofol suppress the activity of type 1 cyclooxygenase, the enzyme that converts AA to PGG2. Furthermore, propofol also enhanced STA2-induced inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate formation. These results may explain the inconsistent findings of previous investigators.

Sevoflurane alters bleeding time in the clinical situation.

Suppression of cyclic guanosine monophosphate formation in rat cerebellar slices by propofol, ketamine and midazolamPu_,lxme: The nitric oxide (NO)/c),clic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) system is involved in glutamatergic neurotransmlssion. The current study determined the effects of propofol, ketamine and midazolam on rat cerebellar cGMP formation, attempting to clarify whether the effect was due to suppression of NO kainate > L-glutamate, SNP. Ketamine (10-100/aM) suppressed L-glutamate-and NMDA-stimulated cGMP formation, but did not suppress kainate-or SNP-stimulated cGMP formation. Midazolam (10-100/aM) did not affect NMDA-, L-glutamate-or SNP-stimulated cGMP formation, but suppressed kainate-induced formation. Conclusion: The inhibitory effects of propofol, ketamine and midazolam on cGMP formation in rat cerebellar slices are due mainly to interaction with receptors for excitatory amines, and not due to the suppression of nitric oxide s)mthase or guanylate cyclase activities.

Background: Pediatric sedation for diagnostic radiological procedures remains the mainstay for adequate imaging quality. Objectives: To clarify the risk of adverse events during anesthesiologist-led sedation or anesthesia for diagnostic radiological procedures in children in order to improve quality of care. Methods: We enrolled children aged <15 years given sedation or anesthesia by an anesthesiologist and scheduled for computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or nuclear medicine imaging November 2010-September 2014. We recorded adverse events occurring in the first 24 h. Results: Of 1,042 patients enrolled, adverse events were recorded in 254 (24.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 21.9 to 27.1). Adverse respiratory events occurred in 31 (3.0%), cardiovascular events in 7 (0.7%), sedation was prolonged in 165 (15.8%), there was one case of contrast allergy (0.01%), and there were 50 other minor complications (4.9%). Of the respiratory complications, there were 14 of airway obstruction (1.3%), 2 of apnea (0.2%), 14 of oxygen desaturation (1.3%), and one of laryngospasm (0.01%). There were no life threatening complications or consequences. Age <1 year (adjusted odds ratio [adjusted OR] 2.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.3) and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification 2 and 3 (adjusted OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 19.8, and adjusted OR 6.3, 95% CI 1.3 to 30.9, respectively) were risk factors for respiratory complications. Conclusions: Adverse events were common during sedation or anesthesia, but no life threatening or sentinel events occurred under experienced supervision. Caution should be exercised in children <1 year or with an ASA classification >1.