A method is introduced for determination of a vector network analyzer's calibration residual errors for measurement of the reflection coefficient. The method utilizes unscented Kalman filtering and spline interpolation time domain techniques. All three residual errors are calculated by processing the measured reflection coefficient of a single verification device, such as an air line terminated with a short or open network. The proposed method shows particular advantages when the use of a long verification line is impractical (e.g. at the wafer-level), or for measurements at low frequency ranges or similar cases when the resolution of conventional time domain methods is low.Experimental studies were conducted for two frequency ranges and in coaxial and on-wafer measurement environment. The proposed algorithm is a good candidate for a wide range of practical applications especially for measurement uncertainty estimation of cost-effective vector network analyzers.Index Terms -Vector network analyzer (VNA), verification, residual error box, unscented Kalman filters (UKF).

No abstract

No abstract

This article presents a new method for verification of the residual errors of calibrated two-port vector network analyzers based on a special time-domain technique. The method requires two devices under test including a high-precision air line. Calibration residual errors are extracted from a distancefrequency system model and special estimation algorithm based on the quasi-optimal unscented Kalman filter. Experimental studies were conducted in coaxial measurement environments and at the wafer level. Suitable applications of the proposed verification method are discussed. Index Terms -S-parameters, vector network analyzer (VNA), verification, residual error-box, unscented Kalman filter (UKF).

No abstract