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Exposure The probability of being impacted by a hazard of a given magnitude. External Drivers Factors which influence the vulnerability, hazard, and/or exposure components of risk. Hazard The event (here, heatwave) causing risk to a system or component with a given magnitude. Indices Quantitative metrics based on atmospheric parameters and other measurements used to measure the severity of heatwave events. Return Period The average period expected between a defined magnitude event. Vulnerability The relationship between a hazard's magnitude and the relative damage experienced by the component or system of interest. Definition of the Subject Heatwaves are widely reported natural hazards that cause a myriad of negative impacts. Due to climate change, heatwaves are predicted to occur more frequently and with greater severity than previously experienced. Despite increasing relevance, formal analysis of heatwaves and their impacts is limited. Where studies have been undertaken, there has been little consensus across the world as to the most appropriate definition and handling of extreme temperature events.