Cognitive deficits are common in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) regardless of overt neuropsychiatric involvement; however, a clear neuropsychological profile of SLE has not emerged. This study undertook a literature search of the PubMed, Scopus and Ovid (PsychINFO) databases for studies investigating cognitive alterations in SLE, using standardized neuropsychological (NP) measures. The data were analysed using meta-analytical procedures. The results support the observation that relative to healthy controls, SLE (regardless of overt neuropsychiatric involvement) is associated with statistically significant, small effect-sized deficits in visual attention, cognitive fluency, immediate visual memory and visual reasoning. Moreover, the results support a gradient of cognitive disturbance in SLE with significantly greater cognitive impairment in NPSLE patients relative to non-NPSLE patients. Medium-sized deficits were observed in NPSLE patients relative to healthy controls across the domains of: complex attention, delayed verbal memory, language and verbal reasoning (with small or non-significant differences observed in non-NPSLE patients relative to healthy controls). These results are relevant to the understanding, assessment and rehabilitation of patients living with SLE, with or without overt neuropsychiatric involvement.

Objective: Online psychological therapy, or e-therapy, has proliferated. e-Therapy enables clinicians to reach clients otherwise unable to access health services. This should be particularly valuable to services, such as Clinical Neuropsychology, that are scarce or unavailable outside major metropolitan centres, but little is known regarding the potential for online neuropsychological therapy. This discussion paper focuses on memory interventions for older adults, and aims to determine whether it is feasible to create an effective online memory intervention. Method: The approach used was to review the literature regarding e-Health generally and factors associated with effective online delivery, as well as specific issues related to Internet usage and current memory interventions for older adults. Regard was given to ethical considerations and practical suggestions were made about the way forward to implement online memory interventions for older adults.Results: There is good evidence that memory interventions for older adults improve memory and increase functional independence. Barriers to online delivery of memory interventions are identified and recommendations for practice provided. Conclusions: Despite various barriers, translation of memory interventions to an online format appears feasible, and would enable delivery to many older adults who would be otherwise unable to access these services.